禽类性别决定与分化相关基因的研究进展  

Recent Advance in Genes of Avian Sex Determination and Differentiation

作　　者：郑江霞[1] 李显耀[1] 杨宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100094

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2007年第1期47-49,共3页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(30225032)

摘　　要：禽类的性别决定机制迄今尚无定论,目前较为公认的有以下几种假说:一是W染色体上携带性别决定基因(类似于哺乳动物的SRY)决定着个体的雌性化发育;二是Z染色体上某些基因的过表达(即不受剂量补偿效应限制)引发了个体的雄性化发育;三是前2种机制共同作用。已知禽类的性别决定候选基因有W染色体上的FET1、ASW和Z染色体上的DMRT1基因。此外,常染色体上的许多基因也参与禽类的性别决定和分化过程,如SOX9,AMH,cFOXL,CYP19A1等。At present, the mechanism of avian sex determination remains unknown. There are several hypotheses. The one is W sex chromosome carries a dominant ovary-determining gene. The second is Z-chromosome has a dosage mechanism （one Z for female, two Z for male）. The third possibility is that both mechanisms operate. This article mainly reviewed three promising candidate genes located on the sex chromosome. The Z-linked gene, DMRT1, supports the Z- dosage model of avian sex determination. Two novel W-linked genes, ASW and FET1, represent candidate female determinants. Besides, this article also discussed some genes related to avian sex determination and differentiation, i.e. soxg, AMH, cFOXL, CYP19A 1.

关 键 词：性别决定 性别分化 综述 Z染色体 V4染色体 禽 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学] Q343.2[农业科学—畜牧兽医]