牛膝种子带菌检测和药剂消毒处理效果研究  

Testing of Seed-borne Fungi of Achyranthes Seed and Disinfection Effect of Seven Fungicides on Seed-borne Fungi

作　　者：淡红梅[1] 李静[2] 李睎[2] 李先恩[1] 李健强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国协和医科大学.中国医学科学院药用植物研究所,北京100094 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2007年第1期7-8,共2页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划资助项目(No.2001BA701A59)

摘　　要：目的研究3个不同产地的牛膝种子寄藏真菌情况，比较不同药剂处理牛膝种子的消毒效果，为牛膝种子预防保健处理提供依据。方法采用离体平皿法对牛膝种子表面和内部进行带菌检测；通过平皿培养法观察药剂拌种的消毒效果。结果牛膝种子表面的孢予负荷量为17．8孢予／粒种子-321．9孢子／粒种子，产地间差异极显著；携带的优势真菌群主要为青霉属Penicillium spp．，曲霉属Aspergillus spp．真菌，产地间差异不显著，但分离频率差异显著；种子颖壳带菌率在19．5％-67．3％，种仁的带菌率在13．5％-47．5％，内部寄藏的优势菌群主要有铰链孢属Alternaria spp．，根霉属Rhizoptts spp．，曲霉属和交链孢属真菌，产地间带菌率和优势菌群都有较大差异。结论在7种农作物常用的种子处理消毒剂中敌克松表面消毒效果相对较好，可达到50．0％以上。Objective To study the dominant seed_ borne fungi of Aehyranthes seeds from 3 different producing areas and compare the disinfection effect of several fungicides on seed - borne fungi of Achyranthes seed. Methods Petri - dish testing was used to determine the external and internal seed - borne fungi and the disinfection effect of fungicides. Results The result showed that the amount of spore on the surface of one Achyranthes seed was17.8% - 321.9% according to different samples, and the big differences existed. Penicilliurn spp. and Aspergillus spp. were the two kinds of externally dominant fungi and there was tew differences in fungi kind among producing areas but differences in fungi isolation frequency ; Penicillium spp. , Rhizopus spp. , Aspergillus spp. and Alterrvaria spp. were the internally dominant seed - borne fungi , including seed capsule and the internal tissue of seed and their fungi percentage was 19.5% - 67, 3% and 13.5% - 47.5% respectively. There were differences in fungi percentage and dominant seed borne fungi among different producing areas. Conclusion The disinfection effect of seven fungicides are not so good, only Fenaminosulf was up to 50.0%.

关 键 词：牛膝种子 寄藏真菌检测 药剂消毒 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]