小腿内侧远端动脉穿支显微解剖与隐神经营养血管皮瓣设计(英文)  

Microdissection of distal artery perforator of the medial leg and design of skin flap pedicled with nutrient vessels of the saphenous nerve

作　　者：张发惠[1] 郑和平[1] 张国栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军南京军区福州总医院军区骨科研究所临床解剖学研究中心,福建省福州市350025

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第4期763-766,I0004,共5页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(C0510034)~~

摘　　要：背景:隐神经营养血管远端蒂皮瓣,为踝足部组织缺损的修复提供了一种成功率高的修复方法,但其旋转轴点高,对远端蒂血管分布特点缺少具体可操作性的描述,临床实际应用起来还较为困难。目的:研究小腿内侧远端的动脉穿支,为合理设计隐神经-大隐静脉营养血管远端蒂皮瓣、复合瓣提出解剖学理论。设计:单一样本实验。单位:解放军南京军区福州总医院军区骨科研究所临床解剖学研究中心材料:实验于2004-05/10在解放军南京军区福州总医院军区骨科研究所临床解剖学研究中心实验室完成。研究材料为34侧经动脉内灌注红色乳胶成人下肢标本(由南京军区福州总医院军区骨科研究所临床解剖学研究中心提供)。方法:将34侧经成人下肢标本,以内踝最凸出点为标志点,在小腿内侧远段进行显微解剖。主要观察指标:重点观察:①小腿内侧远端的动脉穿支。②隐神经-大隐静脉远端的营养血管。③营养血管与邻近肌、骨、皮的血供关系。结果:①小腿内侧远端的动脉穿支有9个来源:胫后动脉肌间隙支、胫前动脉踝上支、腓动脉或胫后动脉骨皮穿支、内踝前动脉内踝支、胫后动脉踝管支、足底内侧动脉内踝支、足底外侧动脉内踝支、足底内侧动脉浅支内踝支和跗内侧动脉内踝支。②上述动脉穿支发出皮支、筋膜支、骨膜支、隐神经和大隐静脉营养血管,形成深筋膜上下血管网、浅筋膜、皮神经浅静脉血管链和骨膜血管网。动脉穿支构成了小腿内侧远端前、中、后3条纵向的吻合筋膜血管丛:内踝前动脉和胫前动脉踝上支的前纵向血管丛,骨皮穿支的中纵向血管丛,踝管动脉穿支和胫后动脉肌间隙支的后纵向血管丛。结论:小腿内侧远端的血供具有多源性、明显纵向性和营养血管同源性的解剖学特点,是构成远端蒂复合瓣的解剖学基础,可以设计以胫后动脉肌间隙BACKGROUND： The distally based skin flap pedicled with nutrient vessels of saphenous nerve has provided a method with higher achievement ratio to repair the tissue defect of ankle and foot, due to its high rotation point, lacking of distributive characteristics of distally pedicled vessels description for the specific operations, so it is still difficult in clinical application. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the distal artery perforators of medial leg, so as to suggest an anatomical theory for the reasonable design of the distally based compound flap pedicled with nutrient vessels of saphenous nerve-great saphenous vein, DESIGN ： A single sample experiment SETTING： Researching Center of Clinical Anatomy, Military Institute of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, MATERIALS： The experiment was carried out in the Researching Center of Clinical Anatomy, Military Institute of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from May to October, 2004. Thirty-four adult specimens perfused with red emulsion at lateral arteries of upper lower limbs were provided by the Researching Center of Clinical Anatomy, Military Institute of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, METHODS ： Specimens of the distal medial legs were dissected with microscope taking the most prominent point of medial malleolus as the pivot point. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Distal artery perforators of medial leg; ② Distal nutrient vessels of saphenous nerve-great saphenous vein; ③ Blood supply correlation of nutrient vessel with neighboring muscle, bone and skin, RESULTS： ① The distal artery perforators of medial leg derived from 9 main blood supplying sources were as follows： Intermuscular perforator of posterior tibial artery, superior malleolar branches of anterior tibial artery, osteocutaneous perforators of peroneal artery or posterior tibial artery, medial malleolar branch of medial anterior mall

关 键 词：腿/解剖学和组织学 腿/血液供给 腿/神经支配 隐静脉 外科皮瓣 

分 类 号：R329[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]