长江中下游浅水湖泊表层沉积物潜在可交换性磷研究  

Study of the potential exchangeable phosphorus in sediments of shallow lakes in the middle and lower Yangtze River

作　　者：步青云[1] 金相灿[1] 王圣瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境研究中心国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《地理研究》2007年第1期117-124,共8页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目"湖泊富营养化过程与蓝藻水华暴发机理研究"(2002CB412304)

摘　　要：利用无限稀释外推法(IDE法)和Hieltjes与Lijklema提出的H-L法对长江中下游浅水湖泊表层沉积物中可交换性磷进行测定,研究了IDE法测定的潜在可交换性磷(IDE-P)与H-L法使用NH4Cl测定的氯化铵磷(NH4Cl-P)在不同污染程度沉积物中的分布规律及二者关系,并对IDE-P和NH4Cl-P与沉积物土壤测试磷(STP)、磷吸附饱和度(DPS)、总磷(TP)和有机质关系进行讨论。结果表明,沉积物IDE-P和NH4Cl-P分布遵循重污染沉积物>污染较轻沉积物的规律,IDE-P含量高于NH4Cl-P含量;不同沉积物的(NH4Cl-P/IDE-P)%变化较大;IDE-P和NH4Cl-P与STP、DPS、总磷和有机质的相关性较好。Exchangeable phosphorus can be estimated by an infinite dilution extrapolation approach （IDE） and the first procedure of Hieltjes and Lijklema approach in the superficial sediments of shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Variation range and average amount of the NH4 Cl-P which can be determined by H-J approach and the IDE-P determined by IDE approach are studied for sediments with different pollution conditions. In addition, the quantity of the two forms of exchangeable phosphorus existing in those sediments is compared. The correlation between NH4 Cl-P and IDE-P and the proportion of NH4Cl-P to IDE-P are analyzed. Recently, many researchers have focused their work on the effect of soil adsorption characteristics on soluble reactive phosphorus in solution. Some of the soil adsorption characteristics are estimated by soil test phosphorus （STP） and the degree of phosphorus saturation （DPS）. In order to discuss the relationship between the two adsorption characteristics and the two speciations of exchangeable phosphorus, their linear correlations are discussed. The results are displayed as follows： （1）The potential exchangeable phosphorus determined by IDE approach and the exchangeable phosphorus quantified by the first step of H-J approach indicate that the contents of both are higher in the sediments which are seriously polluted and lower in those of slightly polluted. （2）The contents of IDE-P are higher than that of NH4Cl-P in all kinds of sediments. The proportion of NH4 Cl-P to IDE-P verified greatly in different kinds of sediments. Because IDE-P is higher exactly in characterizing exchangeable phosphorus and more complex in procedure compared to the characteristics of NH4 Cl-P, proper approach can be chosen to make their results accord to the reality. （3） There are a good correlation between the two forms of exchangeable phosphorus and the soil adsorption characteristics of STP,DPS and other physio-chemical properties.

关 键 词：浅水湖泊 IDE法 H—L法 可交换性磷 潜在可交换性磷 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]