太湖底泥和疏竣堆场中持久性有机污染物的分布及潜在生态风险  

Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs)distribution and potential ecological risk on sediment in Lake Taihu and slurry stockyard

作　　者：张路[1] 范成新[1] 鲜启鸣[2] 马莹莹[2] 赵中华[2] 邹惠仙[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008 [2]南京大学环境学院,南京210093

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2007年第1期18-24,共7页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家"十五"重大科技专项(863)项目(2002AA601013);基础研究重大项目前期研究专项(2001CCB00700);国家自然科学基金(40501064;20577053)联合资助.

摘　　要：以太湖的重污染湖区-五里湖为例,以有机氯农药和多环芳烃为主要目标化合物,分析了疏竣湖区底泥中典型持久性有机污染物的蓄积规律和对生态的潜在影响．分析结果表明：五里湖疏竣湖区底泥中的多环芳烃类有机物在深度上呈指数分布特征,上层底泥中的含量显著高于下层,但对湖区生态没有显著影响；五里湖底泥受到一定的有机氯农药的污染,以六六六和DDE等污染为主,但对比生态风险评估指标仍属于生态安全的底泥．疏竣堆场土壤中多环芳烃的含量仅为五里湖疏竣底泥的1/6,在堆场使用后8个月后,堆场底泥中16种优先检测的多环芳烃含量与湖区底泥仍相当．但堆场使用后,堆场的水花生秸秆内多环芳烃含量发生了显著变化,其总含量增加为原来的6倍,有四种多环芳烃含量超过了生态风险效应区间低值但低于效应区间高值．原秸秆内不含有的苯并[a]蒽和(?)也被检出,说明堆放五里湖疏竣底泥后对植物产生了一定的生态威胁．As an example of severe polluted lake zone in Lake Taihu, the organochlorine pesticide and polycyclic aromatic hydrycarbons （PAHs） in sediment in Wuli Lake was analyzed to determine the accumulation regulation in sediment and potential ecological risk to aquatic system and slurry stockyard after dredging. The results showed that the PAHs in sediment in Wuli Lake were exponentially distributed along the depth and the contents in upper layer were remarkably higher than in the lower layer, but no obvious ecological impact was found. The sediment in Wuli Lake was polluted by organochlorine pesticide in some what degree, especially for hexachloro cyclohexane （HCH） and DDE, but they were possibly safe to aquatic system. The PAHs in soil in slurry stockyard was only one sixth of the PAHs in sediment in Wuli Lake. Eight months after the stockyard was used, the 16 priority PAHs in sediment in the stockyard was still comparable to the original lake sediment, but the contents of PAHs in the aquatic plant （alligator alternanthera） remarkably changed to six times of the original contents before the use of stockyard and the contents of four species of the PAHs were exceeded the ERL but lower than the ERM. The Benzol al anthracene and Chrysene was also detected in the plant stem which was not detected before the use of stockyard. This showed the sediment in the stockyard from the lake dredging would put some threaten on the ecological safety of water plant in the stockyard.

关 键 词：有机氯农药 多环芳烃 底泥 疏竣 生态风险 太湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]