珊瑚羟基磷灰石人工骨的研制和修复骨干缺损的实验研究  

ExperimentalStudyofRepairingofaSegmentalDiaphysealDefectwiththeCorallineHydroxyapatite(CHA)asaBoneGraftSubstitute

作　　者：尹庆水[1,2] 张惠民[1,2] 苏增贵[1,2] 赵军[1,2] 赖日权[1,2] 周民伟[1,2] 谢宇晖[1,2] 李忠华[1,2] 钟世镇[1,2] 魏征[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区广州总医院骨科 [2]第一军医大学临床解剖学研究所

出　　处：《中华骨科杂志》1996年第11期726-731,共6页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics

摘　　要：本研究旨在探索一种新的植骨材料。将天然海珊瑚碳酸钙在特定条件下经过“热液交换反应”制成珊瑚羟基磷灰石人工骨。对该人工骨进行理化测定。用８０只新西兰兔，作为实验动物，对该人工骨的生物相容性和成骨效应进行了组织学观察。Ｘ线衍射分析该人工骨晶相为Ｃａ５（ＰＯ４）３ＯＨ，扫描电镜下显示相互连通的微孔结构，磨片测得孔隙直径平均２００μｍ，孔隙率为５３％。动物实验结果显示：植入２周有许多成纤维细胞和纤维小血管长入人工骨的微孔内及表面；４～６周有大量软骨细胞群和成骨细胞的成骨现象；８～１２周新生骨贯穿整个移植物；１６周骨组织成熟，骨髓腔形成。通过四组材料的实验比较，证实各组的成骨能力依次为：复合人工骨组＞自体移植骨组＞单纯人工骨组＞空白对照组；自体红骨髓复合人工骨组的成骨效应明显优于其它各组（Ｐ值＜０．００１）。实验证明珊瑚羟基磷灰石人工骨有良好的生物相容性和传导成骨作用，与自体红骨髓复合具有明显的诱导成骨效应。Thepurposeofthisstudyistoatempttoexploreanewbonesubstituteforgrafting.TheCoralineHydroxyapatite(CHA)asabonegraftsubstitutewasformedfromcoralskeletalcarbon-ateby'Hydrothermalexchange'atspecificedcondition.Thephysicalandchamicalnaturesofthemate-rialweredetermined,anditsbiologicalnatureandcapabilityofproducingnewboneweredefinedbyim-plantingitto80NewZealandwhiterabbits.X-raydifractionmeasurementshowedthatthephasei-dentificationofthemeterialwasCa5(PO4)3OH.TheobervationofSEMshowedthatithadaporousandcompleteinterconnectedstructure,withtheaverageporeof200μmindiameterand53%ofporostity.Theanimalexperimentalresultsdemonstratedthattheingrowthofthefibroblastandfibrovasularves-selsoccuredintheimplantaeraatthe2ndweek;chondroblastgroupsandosteoblastosteogenesisoc-curedatthe4to6thweek;thebone-implantinterfacesdisappearingandanewbonegrewintothewholeimplantatthe8to12thweek;andtheremodelingwasfoundatthe16thweek.Thecomparisionstudyshowedthatabilityofnewboneformationin4groupswererangedasfolows:groupB(CHAwithmarow),groupC(autograft),groupA(CHAalone)andgroupD(control).NewboneformationingroupBismoreabundantthenthatinother3groups(P<0.001).ThisinvestigationrevealedthatCHAartificialbonehadgoodbiocompatibilityandosteoconductibility.ThecompositeCHAwithmar-rowexhibitedmarkedefectonosteoinduction.

关 键 词：人工骨 珊瑚 羟基磷灰石 骨干缺损 修复术 

分 类 号：R683.05[医药卫生—骨科学]