云南六库桔小实蝇成虫种群数量变动及其影响因子分析  

Population dynamics of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera:Tephritidae) in Liuku,Yunnan with an analysis of the influencing factors

作　　者：陈鹏[1] 叶辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学学院生物系

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2007年第1期38-45,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2003CB415100);国家自然科学基金项目(30260023)

摘　　要：应用诱蝇谜引诱剂诱捕法于2003-2005年调查了云南六库桔小实蝇成虫种群动态,系统分析了气候因子及寄主植物对该种群变动的影响。研究结果表明:云南六库桔小实蝇种群发生呈季节性,仅出现于3-12月,成虫消长基本为单峰型,高峰出现在7月。六库桔小实蝇种群数量与气温、降雨量和月雨日数等气象因子有密切关系。决定系数和通径分析结果显示,月降雨量是影响六库桔小实蝇种群动态的主要决策因素;月平均气温和月平均最低气温是影响种群数量变动的主要限制因素,其中,月平均最低温度是间接影响种群数量变动的重要指标。主成分分析筛选出低温条件主成分,其累积方差贡献率达77.65%。逐步回归分析也证实,影响六库桔小实蝇种群月变动的主要气象因子是月平均气温和月平均最低气温。综合分析认为,低温是导致六库桔小实蝇季节性发生的关键因素。Annual monitoring was conducted on the population dynamics of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis （Hendel） （Diptera： Tephritidae） through methyl eugenol-baited traps in Liuku, Yunnan from 2003 to 2005 respectively. Temperature, rainfall and host-plant species were analyzed in relation to population fluctuation of the fly. The results indicated that during the study periods, adults of the fruit fly occurred seasonally from March to December. The population fluctuation was single peaked, with the peak in July. There were close relationships between the fluctuation of B. dorsalis male adult abundance and such environmental factors as temperature, rainfall, and raining days in Liuku, Yunnan. Decision coefficient and path analyses indicated that the monthly rainfall was the major decision factor, and the monthly mean temperature and the monthly mean minimum temperature were the crucial limiting factors, of which the monthly moan minimum temperature was the most important factor indirectly negatively influencing population increasing. The principal component analysis screened out the first principal components, all representing the low temperature condition, whose cumulative variance proportion was 77.65%. The results of stepwise regression analysis also indicated that the monthly mean temperature and the monthly moan minimum temperature were the major climatic factors influencing the population fluctuation. In conclusion, the lower temperature condition was the key factor resulting in the seasonal population fluctuation of B. dorsalis in Liuku, Yunnan.

关 键 词：桔小实蝇 种群变动 气候因子 寄主植物 诱蝇谜 云南 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]