高油115籽粒灌浆期光能利用效率  

Light Energy Utilization Efficiency of High Oil Corn 115 at Grain Filling Stage

作　　者：庄克章[1] 郭新宇 王纪华 王空军[1] 吴正锋[1] 刘鹏[1] 董树亭[1] 张吉旺[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省作物生物学重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]国家农业信息工程中心,北京100089

出　　处：《作物学报》2007年第2期230-235,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目;教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20040434008);国家自然科学基金项目(30370832);山东省优秀中青年科学家奖励基金(02BS028);"十五"国家科技攻关计划项目(2004BA520A12)

摘　　要：在种植密度为3万株hm-2的大田条件下,研究了高油115上、中和下部叶片灌浆期光能利用和耗散特性。结果表明,高油115净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、叶色值等均显著低于普通玉米农大108(P<0.05),细胞间隙CO2浓度(Ci)和水分利用效率(WUE)略低于普通玉米(P>0.05);PSⅡ最大光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)显著低于农大108;PSⅡ活性(Fv/Fo)略低于普通玉米(P>0.05)。高油115表观电子传递速率低于农大108,在相同光能下,高油玉米热耗散比例较普通玉米高,光能利用效率明显低于普通玉米叶片,3个叶位中中部叶差异最大,表明高油115光合速率较低主要是因光能利用率偏低造成的。在高油玉米育种和栽培中应选用高光效自交系配组和改善肥水条件以提高光能利用率。High oil corn is a value-added corn type, which contains more oil and higher quality protein than common corn. At present high oil corn has not been widely planted by farmers because its grain yield is lower than that of common corn. The yield of high oil corn is restricted by lower net photosynthetic rate. A field experiment with a planting density of 30 000 plants ha^-1 was carried out to reveal the reason of lower net photosynthetic rate of high oil corn, The technique of chlorophyll fluorescence was used to measure light energy utilization efficiency of high oil corn. Light energy utilization and dissipation of upper, middle and basal leaves of high oil corn 115 in grain filling stage was studied. Compared with ND108, net photosynthetic rate （ Pn）, transpiration rate （ Tr） , stomal conductance （ Gs ） of were significantly lower（ P 〈 0.05） ; intercellular CO2 concentration （ Ci） and water use efficiency of HOC115 （WUE） were slightly lower in ND108 （ P 〉 0.05）. PSⅡ maximal photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm） of HOC115 was lower significantly than that of ND108, PS Ⅱ activity （Fv/Fo） of HOC115 was slightly lower than that of ND108 （ P 〉 0.05）. Apparent relative electron transportation rates of HOC115 were lower than that of ND108. Compared with ND108, the proportion of light energy used in heat dissipation by HOC115 was higher when light energy was constant, This result indicated that light energy utilization efficiency of HOC115 is lower than that of ND108, The largest light utilization efficiency difference between HOC115 and ND108 was observed in middle leaves. In conclusion, photosynthetic rate of HOC115 is lower mostly due to lower light energy utilization efficiency. In high oil corn breeding and cultivation, we should select high photosynthetic inbred lines and improve the growing conditions with suitable fertilizer and irrigation to enhance their light use efficiency.

关 键 词：高油玉米 光能利用 光能耗散 灌浆期 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]