不同环境下抗虫陆地棉杂交种优势表现及经济性状分析  

Heterosis Performance and Correlation Analysis on Economic Traits of Upland Cotton under Various Ecological Environments

作　　者：邢朝柱[1] 喻树迅[1] 郭立平[1] 苗成朵[1] 冯文娟[1] 王海林[1] 赵云雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,农业部棉花遗传改良重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2007年第1期3-7,共5页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家863项目(2002AA207005)

摘　　要：转基因抗虫杂交棉在不同生态环境下产量性状超亲优势普遍存在,尤以皮棉产量和子棉产量为强,铃数次之。高产水平环境中,杂交种和亲本产量水平均较高,群体超亲优势不明显;产量水平相对较低的环境下,杂交种产量水平相对较低,但群体超亲优势显著,表明杂交种产量相对稳定,而亲本产量水平发挥受环境影响较大。品质性状随环境变化而发生改变,但超亲优势表现均不显著。相关性分析表明,铃数与产量最为密切,单株结铃性强是杂交种选育的重点;铃数、铃重和衣分三者之间均呈显著或极显著正相关,通过亲本选配,三个性状可以同步提高。品质性状之间相关性不一致,麦克隆值与多数品质性状呈显著正相关,表明选配高产优质杂交组合时,一定要选择较低麦克隆值的材料当亲本。The transgenic Bt hybrids cotton accounted for 80% of total hybrids cotton area in China, so it was very important to study their traits and heterosis under different ecological environments. The mating design used in the experiment was North Carolina Ⅱ. Six females from the Yangtse River Valley and the Huanghe River Valley were crossed to each of four males with transgenic Bt. The 24 crosses and their 10 parents were planted at three locations on Wangjiang Cotton Experimental Farm in Anhui Province, Anyang Cotton Experimental Farm in Henan Province, and Sanya in Hainan Province, respectively. The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks. 50 normal opened bolls were picked for assaying the boll weight, lint percentage. Seed cotton was harvested eventually. The crosses and parents＇ fiber samples were tested with HVI system in Cotton Research Institute of CAAS. The results showed that yield traits surpassing parent heterosis in transgenic hybrid cotton were much widely existed under various ecological environments. Among these heterosis, lint and seed cotton yield heterosis were higher, followed by boll number. Under high production environment, hybrids and their parents had higher yield, but heterosis was not evident. Under relatively low production levels, hybrids had relatively lower yield, but heterosis was significant, Those indicated that hybrids yield performances were relatively stable in three kinds of environments, and parental yield were greatly affected by environments. Fiber quality traits varied with environment changes, but the heterosis surpassed by parent was not significant. Correlation analysis showed the boll number had the closest relation with lint yield. There were significant positive correlations among boll number, boll size and lint percentage, which indicated the three yield traits may be synchronously improved through parents selection. Correlation was inconsistent between fiber quality traits, and micronaire was a significantly positive correlation with other fiber trait

关 键 词：棉花 生态环境 杂种优势 相关分析 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]