去早果枝对抗虫棉产量、品质和早衰的影响  

Effects of Removal of Early Fruiting Branches on Yield,Fiber Quality and Premature Senescence in Bt Transgenic Cotton

作　　者：牛曰华[1] 董合忠[1] 李维江[1] 粟红梅 

机构地区：[1]山东棉花研究中心 [2]山东金秋种业有限公司,夏津253200

出　　处：《棉花学报》2007年第1期52-56,共5页Cotton Science

基　　金：山东省良种工程重大课题;农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(2003-05-03B)

摘　　要：以早发型(鲁棉研17、21)、晚发型(鲁棉研18、22)和两者的杂交种(F1)为材料,于2004—2005年在山东省商河县和夏津县进行了去早果枝试验。结果表明,早发型抗虫棉和杂交棉去早果枝的皮棉产量比各自留果枝的对照分别提高了3.3%和5.7%,而晚发型品种2004年略有减产,2005年在夏津减产6.2%。去早果枝显著减少了伏前桃的比例、增加了伏桃比例和棉花株高,早发型品种的生育期基本不受影响,而晚发型品种的生育期则平均延长了2.1 d。去果枝与留果枝相比,平均纤维长度和比强度分别提高了2.6%和2.3%,麦克隆值降低了5.6%,但未达到显著差异。去早果枝对棉花后期早衰具有一定的缓解作用。Our previous report has indicated that current Bt transgenic cotton varieties can be divided into two types, the early-developed （ED） and the late-developed type （LD）, according to their earliness of maturity. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the effects of removal of fruiting branches on plant growth and development, lint yield, and fiber quality in various types of Bt transgenic cotton. In the present experiments, cotton cultivars, SCRC 17 or SCRC 21（ED type）, SCRC 18 or SCRC 22 （LD type）, and H1 or H2 （hybrids of the two types） were planted in Shanghe county in 2004, and Xiajin county in 2004 and 2005, and the effects of removal of early fruiting branches （FB） on the yield, fiber quality and premature senescence of cotton plants were determined. Averaged across two years and two experimental sites, removal of FB increased average lint yields of the ED type and the hybrids by 3.3% and 5.7%, relative to their corresponding untreated controls, while lint yield of the LD type was slightly decreased in 2004, but decreased by 6.2 % in 2005 with FB removal. For the FB removed plants, the percentage of pre-summer bolls was reduced while that of summer bolls and plant height was significantly increased. Days from planting to boll opening were slightly and significantly extended in ED and LD type of cotton by FB removal, respectively. Removal of Ft3 also increased the fiber length and strength by 2. 6% and 2.3%, respectively, but decreased the micronaire value by 5.6%, did not reach the significant variation at P = 0. 05. Premature senescence of cotton plants seemed to be alleviated through the altered ratio of sink to source by FB removal. FB removal might be a potential way to improve cotton production for early-developed cotton plants.

关 键 词：抗虫棉 去果枝 产量 纤维品质 早衰 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]