大白菜新品种“冠春”的春化特性及其遗传表现  

Vernalization and genetic performance of spring Chinese cabbage-Guanchun

作　　者：张鲁刚[1] 孔小平[1] 惠麦侠[1] 张明科[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第2期93-96,共4页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目"白菜高效育种技术及优质;多抗;专用新品种选育"(2001AA241124);陕西省攻关项目"特色大白菜种质资源引进及新品种选育"(2002K03-G5-3)

摘　　要：以抗抽薹春大白菜新品种“冠春”正反交及其亲本为试材,通过萌动种子人工春化处理,研究了其春化和遗传特性。结果表明,春大白菜“冠春”萌动种子在4-5℃持续春化处理20 d后,平均显蕾时间45 d,平均开花时间53 d;不同春化时间下,“冠春”正反交的春化表现一致,而且均较其双亲冬性弱,说明该品种的抗抽薹性由细胞核基因控制,并表现隐性遗传;随春化时间延长,平均显蕾时间和显蕾持续时间缩短,绝对开花时间变化不大,因此在春大白菜育种中应将显蕾时间作为重要指标;在20 d或25 d不完全春化条件下,抗抽薹微效基因得到表达,材料内部的差异明显,可以通过选择积累晚抽薹微效基因提高晚抽薹性。在25 d和30 d处理下,“冠春”开始显蕾和开始开花的时间相同,春化效果趋于稳定。The new hybrid F1＂GUANCHUN＂ （73rassica campestris syn. rapa L. ssp. pekinensis （Lour） Olsson） and its parents were vernalized in germinating seed and growing in normal condition. The results show that the mean bolting days of ＂GUANCHUN＂ is 45 days and mean flowering days is 53 days after vernalization under 4-5 C for 20 days;The vernalization is consistent between reciprocal cross F1 and orthogonal cross F1 ,and all are weaker than its parents in winterness ,which presents that the bolting resistance of ＂GUANCHUN＂ is controlled by nucleus recessive gene ;With the prolonging of vernalization days, the mean days and the duration of bolting is shortened ,but days from bolting to flowering has not been affected ,so the days of bolting is an important index for spring Chinese cabbage breeding. In addition with incomplete vernalization of 20 d or 25 d,the microgene related to bolting expressed and the variation of bolting in bolting Chinese cabbage are becoming significant ,so the minor gene related to bolting may be accumulated by selecting and the bolting resistance will be increased. Under the treatment of 25 d and 30 d, the bolting time and the flowering time are not changed,the vernalization tends to be stable.

关 键 词：春大白菜 春化特性 冠春 抗抽薹性 

分 类 号：S634.103[农业科学—蔬菜学]