高酸性气井超临界态二氧化碳硫化氢的相态变化诱发钻采事故探讨  

DISCUSSION OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE INDUCED DRILLING AND PRODUCTION ACCIDENTS IN HIGH SOUR GAS WELL

作　　者：张智[1] 施太和[1] 吴优 袁小兵[3] 陈家凤[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学石油工程学院 [2]中石化西南分公司勘探开发研究院 [3]中石油四川石油管理局川西钻探公司

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2007年第1期94-95,104,共3页Drilling & Production Technology

摘　　要：四川川东北硫化氢气田群(包括罗家寨、渡口河、铁山坡、普光等区块)埋藏深、酸性组份含量高,部分气藏中的二氧化碳、硫化氢已处于超临界态。超临界态流体是指处于临界温度和临界压力以上的流体。二氧化碳的临界温度为31.05℃,临界压力为7.38MPa。硫化氢的临界温度为100.45℃,临界压力为9.00MPa。超临界态具有特殊的相态特征,具有粘度小、扩散系数大、密度大、流动性好、良好的溶解性和传质特性,并且在临界点附近对温度和压力尤为敏感。在钻采过程中,超临界态二氧化碳、硫化氢发生相态变化时,将可能引发比较严重的井喷事故。文章试图从超临界态二氧化碳、硫化氢的特殊相态特征入手,探讨相态变化诱发钻采事故的原因。The gas reservoir is deep and the sour components are high in eastnorth gas fields in Sichuan, including Luojiazai, Dukouhe, Tieshanpo, Pu Guang tract. CO2 and H2S are in supercritical condition in some gas fields in these tracts. Supercritical fluid is the fluid that the temperature and pressure is higher than its critical temperature and critical pressure. The critical temperature of CO2 is 31.05℃ and the critical pressure is 7.38MPa.The critical temperature of H2S is 100.45℃ and the critical pressure is 9.00MPa. The supercritical condition has some specialties, such as low viscosity, high diffusion coefficient, high density, good fluidity, high solubility and mass transfer. It′s more sensitive near the critical temperature and pressure. During the drilling and exploitation, the change of supercritical CO2 and H2S phase will bring very serious blowout accidents. This paper discussed the reasons of phase change induced drilling and production accidents based on the special phase character of supercritical CO2 and H2S.

关 键 词：超临界态 二氧化碳 硫化氢 井喷 

分 类 号：TE28[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]