洞庭湖区不同利用方式下耕作土壤的磷素状况  

Phosphorus status of farmland under different utilized modes in Dongting lake region

作　　者：朱奇宏[1] 彭佩钦[1] 黄道友[1] 黄伟生[1] 苏以荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态重点实验室

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2007年第1期13-17,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW-426);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB412503);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40235057);中国科学院知识创新领域前沿项目(02200220020223)共同资助

摘　　要：通过对湖南省沅江市典型区域高密度采样分析和农户基本情况调研,研究了洞庭湖区4种主要利用方式下的土壤磷素状况。结果表明,4种主要利用方式下的土壤磷素都呈盈余状态,盈余量为旱地>双季稻水田>水旱轮作地>一季稻水田。不同利用方式下土壤的全磷含量没有差异,平均1.00 g.kg-1;土壤提取磷(Olsen-P,下同)含量为旱地>双季稻水田>水旱轮作地>一季稻水田。成土母质(长江冲积物)是洞庭湖区土壤全磷和Olsen-P含量较高的主要原因,不同利用方式下磷肥施用和磷素平衡的不同是Olsen-P差异的决定因素。土壤微生物量磷(MB-P,下同)含量规律为双季稻水田>水旱轮作地>一季稻水田>旱地,其差异主要是由投入的有机物料量(双季稻水田>一季稻水田>旱地>水旱轮作地)引起的,而水旱轮作地的土壤MB-P偏高与采样时间正值油菜花期有关。Taking Yuanjiang city as an example, the phosphorus status of farmland under different utilized modes in Dongting lake region were investigated, through sampling in high density and investigation of the basically information of farmland. The results showed as follows： the input and output balances of phosphorus in different utilized modes farmland were surplus, the order as follows： dry land 〉 couple cropping paddy soil 〉 flood - drought soil 〉 single cropping paddy soil. There was no difference of the total phosphorus contents among different utilized modes farmland, and the average content was 1.00 g·kg^-1. And the order of soil Olsen - P was dry land 〉 couple cropping paddy soil 〉 flood - drought soil 〉 single cropping paddy soil. The enrichment of soil total phosphorus and soil Olsen- P were principally caused by the parent material was homogeneous Yangtse river sediment. The discrepancy of soil Olsen - P among different utilized modes farmlands was determined by the phosphorus fertilization and soil phosphorus balance. The order of soil MB - P in different utilized modes farmland was couple cropping paddy soil 〉 flood- drought soil 〉 single cropping paddy soil 〉 dry land. The difference was mainly aroused by the input of organic matter （couple cropping paddy soil 〉 single cropping paddy soil 〉 dry land 〉 flood - droughtsoil）. Sampling time, when the rape was blossom, caused the irregularity in dry farming in paddy soil.

关 键 词：洞庭湖区 耕作土壤 土壤磷素状况 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]