战争赔偿与民间赔偿——兼论日军遗华化学武器诉讼案及其前景  

War Reparation and Civil Compensation—On the Lawsuits for Civil Compensation by Chinese Victims of the Chemical Weapons Abandoned by the Japanese Army

作　　者：邢爱芬[1] 李天志[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《国际论坛》2007年第1期57-62,共6页International Forum

摘　　要：近年来,侵华日军遗留化学武器致人伤亡事件不断发生,中国受害者自1996年起已进行多宗对日索赔诉讼,无一最终胜诉。日本政府及法院援用最多的理由是中国政府已放弃对日战争赔偿要求以及受害者个人没有赔偿诉讼请求权。从国际法及历史事实看,战争赔偿并不一定包括民间赔偿,中国政府战后放弃的对日战争赔偿要求也并不包括民间赔偿要求;且民间赔偿一定程度上属国际私法范畴,受害者个人享有诉讼赔偿请求权。2006年中国民间对日索赔联合会成立,开启了中国民间对日索赔的国内诉讼程序。此外,中国政府还可以尝试国际求偿。然而,中国受害者要想真正获得赔偿,最终还是要取决于日本正确认识和反省历史的诚意,这也是中日关系健康发展的关键。The chemical weapons abandoned by the Japanese army when they evacuated from China have constantly caused death and injury among the Chinese people in recent years. None of the lawsuits that the victims brought to Japanese courts for civil compensation from Japanese government has won since 1996. War reparation and civil compensation are two forms of national obligation which are independent from each other and should be taken into consideration separately.The optimistic prospect of the litigations both in Japan and China will in the end depend on the sincerity of understanding and self-examination about its aggressive history of the Japanese government.

关 键 词：战争赔偿 民间赔偿 日军遗华化学武器诉讼案 中日关系 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]