生态育苗池中的桡足类与河蟹苗产量的关系  

Relationships between copepods and Eriocheir sinensis larvae in ecological breeding ponds

作　　者：张清靖[1] 李晓东 朱华[1] 刘胥 李永函[3] 

机构地区：[1]国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心(北京)暨北京市水产科学研究所,北京100068 [2]盘锦光合水产有限公司,辽宁盘锦124200 [3]大连水产学院生命科学与技术学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2007年第1期174-178,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化项目(04EFN212100060);北京市科技攻关项目(H012010330113);辽宁省科委重大资助项目(00203001).

摘　　要：探讨了辽宁盘锦辽河三角洲地区中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)生态育苗池中出现的近亲真宽水蚤(Eurytemor affinis)和细巧华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus tenellus)与中华绒螯蟹幼体的关系.结果表明:近亲真宽水蚤和细巧华哲水蚤都严重地影响Ⅰ期中华绒螯蟹溞状幼体的成活率,其密度越大,Ⅰ期溞状幼体的成活率就越低(P<0.01);Ⅲ期中华绒螯蟹溞状幼体可捕食桡足类无节幼体,且捕食量随着无节幼体密度增加而变大(P<0.01);Ⅴ期中华绒螯蟹溞状幼体和大眼幼体容易捕食到近亲真宽水蚤而很难捕食到细巧华哲水蚤;蟹苗池中大眼幼体的产量与育苗初期池塘中桡足类的数量呈负相关关系,且不同桡足类密度下大眼幼体收获量差异极显著(P<0.01).提出了控制和利用蟹苗池中桡足类的措施.The study on the relationships between two copepod species Eurytemor affinis and Sinocalanus tenellus and Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis larvae in the ecological breeding ponds of E. sinensis larvae in Liaohe Delta district of Panjing City, Liaoning Province showed that E affinis and S. tenellus had significant effects on the survival rate of first stage zoae （ Z1 ）. The higher the density of the two copepod species, the lower the survival rate of Z1 was （P 〈 0.01 ）. Third stage zoae （Z3 ） could prey on the copepods nauplii, and the feeding amount was increased with the increasing density of the nauplii （P 〈 0.01 ）. Fifth stage zoae （ Z5 ） and on E. megalopae could easily prey affinis, but not on S. tenellus. The megalopae yield in the ecological breeding ponds was negatively correlated with the quantity of the copepods during early breeding stage of E. sinensis larvae, and there was a significant difference among the megalopae yields when different quantity of copepods existed （ P 〈0.01 ）. Some measures for controlling and utilizing the copepods in ecological breeding ponds of E. sinensis larvae were put forward.

关 键 词：近亲真宽水蚤 细巧华哲水蚤 中华绒螯蟹幼体 生态育苗池 

分 类 号：S966.16[农业科学—水产养殖]