应用条件价值评估法对无锡市五里湖综合治理的评价  

Contingent valuation method in governmental environmental auditing-case of Wuli Lake, Wuxi City, China

作　　者：贺桂珍[1,2] 吕永龙[1] 王晓龙[1,2] 韩竞一[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第1期270-280,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院和中国审计署合作资助项目(KSH1-01);荷兰皇家科学院和中国科学院国际合作资助项目(04CDP014);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40471130)~~

摘　　要：在政府环境审计项目中,政府审计机关面临着对环境改善效益进行评估的需要。由于环境资源不具有市场价值,目前条件价值评估方法是唯一能对环境物品进行评估的技术方法。首先对条件价值评估方法及其步骤进行了分析,然后将其应用于实际的审计案例,验证其可行性和有效性。案例研究把江苏省无锡市五里湖作为假想市场,以无锡市当地居民和来此旅游的游客为调查对象,利用问卷调查方式针对五里湖环境改善前后公众的满意度、受访者的旅游支付意愿以及对综合整治工程的资助意愿进行调查分析。对452位受访者调查结果显示,受访者对于五里湖环境改善后的满意度确有显著提高;在环境改善后受访者的旅游支付意愿为89·1元(总支付金额22275万元),与改善前的支付意愿22·6元(总支付金额5650万元)相比有较大提高;对综合整治工程的资助意愿为平均每人140·2元(总支付金额62063万元);然后从受访者不同的社会经济属性及对自然生态的认识与态度等各种因素,对受访者的支付意愿进行分析显示,对公众满意度影响最显著的因素是家庭年收入和职业,对五里湖综合整治工程的资助意愿影响最显著的因素是家庭年收入和教育程度,而所在地域、性别、年龄及是否参加环保社团对支付意愿无显著性影响。Audit agencies are often faced with the need to estimate the benefit of environmental improvements in the course of environmental performance audits. Currently, the contingent valuation method （CVM） is the only technique for assessing the non-use values of environmental goods. This study was designed to measure （indirectly through the CVM ） the residential valuation of water quality improvements based on responses to a survey conducted in the Wuli Lake District near Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. Respondents in a survey were asked to indicate their willingness to pay for the water environment provided by Wuli Lake as well as their willingness to pay for an integrated control program. Results from 452 questionnaires indicated that respondents were willing to pay 22.6 RMB per year per person （ aggregate value of 56.5 million RMB per year） for the water quality aspects of the lake environment prior to implementation of the integrated control program and 89. 1 RMB per year per person （222. 75 million RMB per year） after the program＇s implementation. The results also indicated that respondents were willing to pay 140. 2 RMB per year per person （620. 63 million RMB annually） for the integrated control program. This indicates that the residents of Wuxi City value the water environment and would be willing to pay for the maintenance of and improvements to the water eco-environment.

关 键 词：环境项目 非市场评估 支付意愿 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]