宁波市北仑区1985-2005年伤寒流行特征分析  

Epidemiological Study of Typhoid Fever in Beilun District of Ningbo City from 1985 to 2005

作　　者：肖伟[1] 贺佩[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波市北仑区疾病预防控制中心,浙江315800

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2007年第1期24-26,共3页Chinese Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨北仑区伤寒副伤寒流行特征,为今后防制工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对1985-2005年北仑区法定传染病报告伤寒疫情资料进行系统分析。结果21年间北仑区伤寒年平均发病率为35.63/10万,每隔2-3年出现一个高流行年,1999年后伤寒疫情呈上升趋势。发病季节分布呈现春季单峰。发病以20-49岁年龄组为主(72.54%),本地户籍发病远大于外来流动人口。病原菌以甲型副伤寒沙门菌为主,危险因素分析提示伤寒流行与生吃、半生吃毛蚶、牡蛎等贝壳类海产品有关。结论北仑区属于伤寒高流行地区,流行因素主要与本地居民饮食习惯有关。加强饮食行为干预、加大贝壳类海产品监测,是控制当前北仑区伤寒高发的主要措施。Objective To analyze epidemiological features of typhoid fever in Beilun district from 1985 to 2005, and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention strategy. Methods The data from routine surveillance system of infectious diseases in Beilun district during 1985 to 2005 were systematically analyzed by the methods of descriptive epidemiologioal study. Results During this period, the annual average incidence rate of typhoid fever was 35.63 per 100 000, and there was an interval of 2 to 3 years between two epidemic peaks. Since 1999, the incidence rate has been taken on upwant trend. Seasonal variation was single peak that spring was the high incidence period. The case group aged from 20 to 49 years accounted for 72.54 % of total reported cases. The incidence rate for the native was obviously more than the floating people. The main pathogen was S paratyphi A. The analysis of risk factor showed that eating raw testacean, such as scapharca subcrenata or oyster, caused diseases epidemics. Condusion Typhoid fever was on epidemic in Beilun district in the last 21 years. The main risk factor of epidemics was related to the diet custom of the native. It would be effective to prevent and control the typhoid fever epidemic by strengthening intervention on the diet custom and enhancing testacean surveillance.

关 键 词：伤寒 流行病学 

分 类 号：R516.3[医药卫生—内科学] R181.8[医药卫生—临床医学]