高寒地区大嘴乌鸦春季集群与活动规律  

Spring Group and Activity Law of Large-billed Crows in Alpine Area

作　　者：鲁庆彬[1] 王小明[2] 王正寰[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江林学院林业与生物技术学院,浙江临安311300 [2]华东师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《四川动物》2007年第1期141-144,共4页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：教育部跨世纪优秀人才培养基金资助项目;"十五""211工程"重点学科建设子项目;浙江林学院引进人才启动基金

摘　　要：在2004年春季，对高寒地区大嘴乌鸦（Corvus）的集群与活动规律进行了调查研究，共设置了35个有代表性的样线。大嘴乌鸦的集群大小以小规模为主，特别是以配对的形式进行繁殖活动（占46％），平均每群（±SD）1．9±1．1只。大嘴乌鸦栖息的生境类型主要划分为电线杆生境、住宅区生境、土堆．矮桩生境、树林生境和草地生境等，其中大嘴乌鸦在住宅区生境、土堆-矮桩生境中的集群具有多样化的形式。显示出它们特有的反捕食策略和取食特性。在大嘴乌鸦3种主要的活动中，觅食行为主要集中在中午一段时间（12：00-14：00），飞行行为高峰在下午（16：00-17：00），上午活动比例最高的是停息行为（07：00～12：00）。这些都说明了它们长期地对高寒环境的适应性。The group and activity law of large-billed crows （Corvus macrorhynchus ） have been studied in the alpine area during spring of 2004. 35 representative zones were sampled as line transects, which are between 30 and 50 km in length. The results show that based on small group size, large-billed crows are mainly in partnership with reproducing activity （46%）, and each group （ ± SD） is averagely 1.9 ± 1.1 individuals. Telegraph pole habitat, residence habitat, hillock-low peg habitat, forest habitat, and grassplot habitat have mainly been found in their distribution area. The various grouping forms of the residence and hillock-low peg habitats are attributed to their especial species-specific anti-predator strategies and feeding characteristics. Moreover, among three primary activities of large-billed crows, the feeding be- havior is mainly around noon from 12：00 to 14：00, and the flying peak is in the afternoon from 16：00 to 17：00, but the resting behavior makes up the biggest ratio of activity in the morning from 07：00 to 12：00. We suggest that their behavioral patterns are related to their adaptation to the alpine environment.

关 键 词：大嘴乌鸦 高寒地区 集群大小 生境类型 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]