H_2,CO双元体系支链爆炸的特性与防爆安全指标  

Characteristics and Explosion-proof Safety Guidelines of Branched-chain Explosion of Binary Gas Mixture Containing H_2 and CO

作　　者：陆美丽[1] 胡耀元[1] 马静萌[1] 蒋永福[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学物理化学研究所,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2007年第1期93-99,共7页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(295001);青海省科委科研基金资助项目(94070)

摘　　要：对H2,CO双元爆炸性混合气体的爆炸特性进行了系统的研究。探索了浓度爆炸极限、爆炸形态与波形及其影响因素。根据爆炸形态与波形的不同,提出了对H2,CO双元体系的爆炸形态科学区划的新理念;在爆炸极限内,可以进一步区划为冷焰、爆燃、爆轰与爆燃向爆轰转化四种爆炸形态,以及下冷焰区、上、下限爆燃区、爆轰区和爆燃向爆轰转化区五个爆炸区域,有利于进一步研究相关的多元支链爆炸体系。引进了‘关键组分’的概念,指出引发爆炸的物质是关键组分H2和氧化剂O2,探讨了制订防爆安全指标的依据与方法,实验测得了爆炸危险度、火焰蔓延极限、最小点火能等特性参数,有利于预防混合气体支链爆炸事故,指导防爆电气设备与阻火器的设计,指导支链燃烧与支链爆炸的实践。The explosive characteristics of the air system containing binary explosive gas mixture of H2 and CO were studied. The investigation deals with the concentration explosive limits, explosive morphology, the pressure waveforms and other influential factors. Based on the various explosive morphologies and their pressure waveforms obtained, a new compartmentalization of explosive morphology for air system containing H2 and CO binary explosive gas mixture was proposed. Within the explosive limits, the explosive morphology can be further compartmentalized into four kinds of explosive morphology （cool flame, deflagration, detonation and transformation of deflagration to detonation） and five explosive zones （the lower cool flame zone, the upper and lower deflagration zone, the detonation zone and the lower deflagration transformed into detonation zone）, and this compartmentalization proposed is propitious for the further study of the relevant branched-chain explosion systems and for the development of the branched-chain explosion theory, The minimum ignition energy, the flame spreading limit, the explosive danger degree and other explosive characteristic of the air system containing binary explosive gas mixture of H2 and CO were determined by experiments, and the data obtained are helpful for instituting the explosion-proof safety guidelines for the air system containing binary explosive gas mixture discussed, The study also introduced the concept of ‘key components＇ which cause the explosion, and based on the considering the explosive limit of the key components only, a simplified method instituting the explosion-proof safety guidelines for the air system containing explosive compositions including the key components and more was proposed.

关 键 词：支链爆炸 浓度爆炸极限 爆炸形态 爆炸波形 防爆安全指标 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]