饲粮类型和肥育后期不添加维生素和微量矿物元素对猪生长性能、胴体和肌肉品质、粪中矿物元素排泄的影响(英文)  

Effects of Different Types of Diet with or without Supplementation of Vitamins and Trace Minerals on Growth Performance, Carcass and Muscle Quality, and Fecal Mineral Excretion in Late Finishing Pigs

作　　者：董国忠[1] 李周权[1] 赵建辉 周生太 曾强 

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科技学院 [2]重庆大正种猪研究所,重庆401538

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2007年第1期1-10,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

摘　　要：本研究共开展两个试验，探讨饲粮类型和不添加维生素和微量矿物元素对猪肥育后期生长性能、胴体和肌肉品质、粪中微量矿物元素排泄的影响。在试验1中，选用128头平均体重（78．5±4．6）kg的肥育猪，根据体重和性别分成4组，每组4圈（重复），每个重复8头猪。四组试验猪的试验处理为2×2因子设计，即两种类型（玉米-豆粕型和玉米-杂粕型）饲粮和添加或不添加维生素／微量矿物元素预混料。在试验2中，选用112头平均体重（90．3±6．3）kg的肥育猪，根据体重和性别分成4组，每组4圈（重复），每个重复7头猪。试验处理同试验1。结果显示，在79-110kg肥育期中（试验1），采食玉米-豆粕型饲粮的猪的增重速度和采食量显著高于采食玉米-杂粕型饲粮的猪（P〈0．01或0．05）。在90～105kg肥育期中（试验2），采食玉米-豆粕型饲粮的猪的增重速度仍然高于采食玉米-杂粕型饲粮的猪（P〈0．05）。但是，维生素和微量矿物元素添加与否对生长性能无显著影响（P〉0．05）。饲粮类型和不添加维生素和微量矿物元素对胴体和肌肉品质均无显著影响（P〉0．05）。粪中微量矿物元素含量不受饲粮类型的影响（P〉0．05），但不添加维生素和微量矿物元素时，粪中铜、铁、锰的含量显著降低（P〈0．01），粪中锌含量也有降低的趋势（P〉0．05）。对于生长性能、胴体和肌肉品质以及微量矿物元素排泄量，饲粮类型X维生素／微量矿物元素预混料的交互作用不显著（P〉0．05）。结果表明，在猪的肥育后期（最后约25-40d），在玉米-豆粕型和玉米-杂粕型饲粮中可不添加维生素和微量矿物元素，从而可降低饲料成本和减少微量矿物元素的排泄。[动物营养学报，2007，19（1）：1—10]Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of different types of diets with or without supplementation of vitamin-trace mineral premix （hereinafter referred to as VTM） on growth performance, carcass and muscle quality and fecal mineral concentrations in late finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, one hundred and twenty-eight pigs, with an average initial body weight （BW） of （78.5 ± 4.6） kg, were allotted to treatments on the basis of BW and gender with 4 replications of 8 pigs per replicate pen for each treatment. The treatments were designed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, and were as follows： （1） corn-soybean meal （C-SBM） diet with VTM, （2） C-SBM diet without VTM, （3） corn-mixed meals （C-MM） diet with VTM, and （4） C-MM diet without VTM. In Exp. 2,112 pigs （average initial BW of （90.3 ±6.3） kg） were allotted to treatments on the basis of BW and gender with 4 replications of 7 pigs per replicate pen for each treatment. The treatments were the same as in Exp. 1. During the finishing period from 79 to 110 kg （Exp. 1）, pigs fed C-SBM diets grew faster （P〈0.01） and ate more than those fed C-MM diets （P〈0.05）. During the finishing period from 90 to 105 kg （Exp. 2）, pigs also grew faster when they were provided C-SBM diets rather than C-MM diets （P〈0.05）. However, diets with or without VTM in both types of diets during either finishing period had not significant effect on growth performance （P〉0.05）. Dietary type and diets without VTM had no effects on carcass traits and muscle quality during either finishing period （P〉0.05）. Fecal mineral concentrations were not affected by dietary type （P〉0.05）, but diets without VTM had significantly reduced fecal Cu, Fe and Mn concentrations （P〈0.01）, and had the tendency to reduce fecal Zn concentrations（P〉0.05）. The interactions of dietary type × VTM interactions had no significant effect on growth performance, carcass traits, muscle quality and fecal mineral excretion in bot

关 键 词：肥育猪 饲粮类型 维生素 微量矿物元素 生产性能 排泄 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]