毛茛科植物提取物、莫能霉素及苹果酸对小麦粉体外发酵的影响  

Effect of Ranunculaceous Plant Extract,Monensin and Malic Acid on in Vitro Fermentation of Wheat Flour

作　　者：肖训军[1] 张元庆[1] 孟庆翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100094

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2007年第1期71-75,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30070562)

摘　　要：本文旨在比较研究毛茛科植物提取物、莫能霉素和苹果酸对小麦粉的肉牛瘤胃体外发酵的影响效果。试验采用体外产气量法进行。瘤胃液供体动物为3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的本地黄牛,发酵底物为小麦粉。试验设3个处理组:毛茛科植物提取物组(200mg/L)、莫能霉素组(5mg/L)和苹果酸组(10mmol/L),对照组不添加调控剂。结果表明,各处理组之间小麦粉DM降解率差异不显著(P=0.06),活体外24h产气量、理论最大产气量、产气速率和产气延滞期差异极显著(P<0.01)。植物提取物处理组能明显提高发酵液pH,而莫能霉素和苹果酸处理组导致发酵液pH下降(P<0.05),不同处理组间各发酵时间点的发酵液中乳酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05)且均较低。各处理组之间的总挥发性脂肪酸产量无显著性差异(P>0.05),但各种挥发性脂肪酸的摩尔百分比例差异显著(P<0.05)。本试验中3个处理组均能明显改变小麦粉的体外发酵。与莫能霉素相比,提取物能明显提高小麦粉体外发酵液pH,增加总挥发性脂肪酸产量,改变各种挥发性脂肪酸的摩尔百分比例,而苹果酸处理对小麦粉体外发酵的调控效果不理想。The purpose of the experiment was to compare the effect of crude Ranunculaceous plant extract, monensin and malic acid on in vitro fermentation of carbohydrate source （wheat flour） by mixed rumen microorganisms. Ruminal fluid was collected from steers fed a high concentrate diet （concentrate ： forage is 70 ： 30）. Final concentrations of 200 mg/L, 5 mg/L and 10 mmol were used for crude Ranunculaceous plant extract, monensin and malic acid, respectively. And there are no fermentation manipulators in the control. There was no difference in DM digestibility of wheat flour among the treatments （P = 0. 055 3）. Fermentation digesta pH values were dramatically increased with addition of the plant extract, but decreased with addition of monensin and malic acid in comparison with the control （P〈0.05）. Addition of three rumen fermentation manipulators had no effect （P〉0.05） on accumulation of lactate in the in vitro media and the values were low. Although the concentration of total VFA was not numerically different among the treatments （P〉0.05）, molar proportion of each VFA was affected by the treatments （P〈0.05）. Therefore, the treatments can effectively manipulate the in vitro fermentation of digestible carbohydrate by ruminal microorganisms, but compared with the monensin treatment, the plant extract treatment can apparently increased the pH value and the volume of total VFA in the fermentation digesta and changed the molar proportion of each VFA while the effect of lactic acidosis treatment wasn＇t well. [Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2007,19（1） ：71-75 ]

关 键 词：植物提取物 莫能霉素 苹果酸 乳酸中毒 肉牛 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]