交通协警多环芳烃暴露与健康风险的初步研究  

PAHs Exposure and Health Risk in Traffic Police Assistants in Tianjin,China

作　　者：胡焱弟[1] 张力[1] 白志鹏[1] 张利文[1] 张浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2007年第2期66-69,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20307006);南开大学2005年度本科生创新科研"百项工程"

摘　　要：目的了解交通协警值勤期间多环芳烃个体暴露量,初步探讨此职业暴露所致增量致癌风险的水平。方法于2005年7月26日—8月2日采集了天津市交通协警值勤期间空气PM10个体暴露样本,运用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用仪定量测定了空气中13种多环芳烃的含量,并与马路边和校园环境中多环芳烃浓度作对比;采用终生增量致癌风险模型对其职业暴露所致增量致癌风险进行了初步计算;并对风险计算进行灵敏度分析。结果交通协警工作环境空气中颗粒态苯并[a]芘及13种多环芳烃浓度之和的均值分别为26、867ng/m3,显著高于马路边和校园内浓度;其职业多环芳烃呼吸暴露所致致癌风险增量介于10-6～10-3之间;灵敏度分析显示,苯并[a]芘致癌强度因子和多环芳烃浓度是对风险计算结果影响最大的两个因素。应提高这两个因素取值的准确性来提高风险评价的准确性。结论交通协警职业多环芳烃暴露存在一定的增量致癌风险。Objective To measure the personal exposure dose of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） for the traffic police assistants during working at road centers, and to study the incremental occupational cancer risk. Methods Personal PM10 exposed samples in traffic police assistants were collected during working in Tianjin, China, and 13 PAlls species were quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS, in the same time, the air samples were collected at the roadsides and in the campus as the control. The health risk level was calculated according to the incremental lifetime cancer risk model. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the variables that influence the risk most. Results The average level of total PAHs and benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） the traffic police assistants exposed to were 867 and 26 ng/m^3 respectively, which were much higher than those in the campus and at the roadsides. Risk assessment showed that the cancer risk was in the range of 10^-6-10^-3. On the basis of sensitivity analysis, further research should be directed to give better characterization of year-round PAHs concentration and the cancer slope factor （CSF） of BaP in order to improve the accuracy of the health risk assessment. Conclusion Attention should be paid to the incremental lifetime cancer risk of the traffic police assistants caused by PAHs exposure.

关 键 词：空气污染 环境暴露 多环碳氢化合物 芳香族 危险性评估 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]