鲁中南山地干果经济林土壤水文生态特征  

Eco-hydrological characteristics of soil of economic dry fruits forest in hilly area of central south of Shandong Province

作　　者：柳京安[1] 高鹏[1] 高军侠[2] 刘刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018 [2]郑州航空工业管理学院环境工程实验室,郑州450015

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2007年第1期84-87,92,共5页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东农业大学博士科研基金(23213);山东农业大学博士后基金(76218);国家"863"节水重大专项基金(2002AA2Z4321)

摘　　要：为探讨我国北方土石山区小流域干果经济林地土壤水文特征，为该地区水土保持干果经济林合理营造与效益评价提供科学依据，以该地区的典型区域鲁中南山地马蹄峪小流域的板栗和核桃干果经济林地为研究对象，从林地土壤物理性状、土壤蓄水量、土壤入渗性能和枯落物持水能力等方面，对干果经济林地土壤水文生态特征进行研究。结果表明：板栗和核桃干果经济林地土壤与荒地相比，土壤颗粒在1～0．05mm范围内的粒径分布均大于荒地，土壤密度平均比荒地减少10．40％，土壤总孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度平均分别比荒地增加15．04％和17．46％，土壤有效贮水量和饱和贮水量平均分别比荒地增加4．07和18．36mm，土壤初渗速率和稳渗速率的平均值分别是荒地的1．56和1．52倍；板栗和核桃林地枯落物饱和吸水率分别为168．52％和200．47％。说明板栗和核桃干果经济林能够较好地改善该地区的土壤结构，具有良好的土壤水文生态功能。An experiment was established on two economic forests of dry fruits sites in Matiyu small watershed. It aimed to find out the soil hydrology characteristics of economic forest of dry fruits in hilly area of central south of Shandong Province, and to provide scientific basis for economic forest benefits evaluation and itfs construction in earthy-rocky mountain area of north China. Results showed that the soil physical characteristics of economic dry fruits forest are obviously better than that of wasteland. The soil particle of economic dry fruits forest is much more than that of wasteland in 1 - 0.05 mm. Soil density of economic dry fruits forest is lower by 10.40% than that of wasteland, soil porosity and non-capillary porosity increases by 15.04% and 17.46%. The available water storage and maximal water storage of soil is higher by 4.07 mm and 18.36 mm in forest land than that in wasteland. The initial infiltration rate and final infiltration rate of forest land are 1.56 times and 1.52 times more than that of wasteland. Water absorption rate of litter is 168.52% in Castanea mollissima forest and 200.47% in Juglans regia forest. The litter layer of economic forest has high water-holding capacity, so the surface runoff can be decreased. Economic dry fruits forests can improve soil structure and form good soil hydrology characteristics in hilly area of central south of Shandong Province.

关 键 词：干果经济林 土壤水文生态特征 板栗 核桃 鲁中南山地 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]