小兴安岭天然红松林种群结构的研究  

STUDY ON AGE STRUCTURE AND SPATIAL PATTERN OF OLD-GROWTH KOREAN PINE FOREST IN LESSER XINGAN MOUNTAIN

作　　者：葛剑平[1] 郭海燕[1] 陈动[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》1990年第6期26-32,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

摘　　要：自1984年10月至1987年5月,对小兴安岭东北林业大学凉水自然保护区内5.0ha的天然红松林进行了伐前和伐后调查。本文通过天然红松林每木分布位置、伐根年轮数等调查资料,将种群空间分布格局、年龄结构分析方法结合在一起,研究了红松种群结构特征,探讨了其形成的原因以及自我维持的方式。结果表明,天然红松林种群年龄结构不同于一般稳定类型年龄结构特征,其种群内缺乏40—130a的幼树;上层红松林木的空间格局是由一系列处于不同发育阶段林木斑块组成的镶嵌结构,这种镶嵌结构表现斑块间的异质性和斑块内的同质性两方面特征,异质性表现为种群水平结构是由不同发育阶段的林木斑块镶嵌所组成的;同质性则表现为林龄相近的林木呈群团状分布,这些年龄相近的林木群团在生长、发育上表现出相似的动态特征。这种红松种群结构特征形成了种群动态的发展趋势,从整个林分来看,这些不同年龄阶段的林木群团在时间和空间上的重叠构成了整个种群的动态系列,形成了天然红松林的时空结构。Spatial pattern of trees, basal stem increment and height were examined in a 5—ha mixed deciduous/Pinus koraiensis forest from October in 1984 to May in 1987. Conclusions are as following:Ⅰ. Analysis of the age-structure of the korean pine forest shows that it is different from a general steady-state forest type. The lack of saplings and' individuals in small-diameter class clearly indicates that regeneration is not continuous. Continuous regeneration depends on thinning of the canopy to form a gap. Similar-aged korean pine seedlings grow in these gaps.Ⅱ. The horizontal structure of the korean pine is a mosaic of more or less even-aged groups of trees. The mosaic is a result of korean pine by regeneration strategy. The aggregations of korean pine of different ages overlaps to form a continuous population generation. As a result, the population is maintained in steady state.

关 键 词：红松 天然林 种群 时空结构 

分 类 号：S791.247[农业科学—林木遗传育种]