不同季节洱海沉积物硫酸盐还原菌类群与含量及分布变化  

SEASONAL CHANGES IN GROUPS,QUANTITY,AND DISTRIBUTION OF SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA IN THE SEDIMENTS OF LAKE ERHAI

作　　者：王明义[1] 梁小兵[1] 郑娅萍[2] 赵由之[1] 张伟[1] 魏中青[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [2]贵阳医学院生物化学与分子生物学教研室

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2007年第1期27-30,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目课题(No.40473050;40173038);NSFC/KOSEF资助项目课题(No.00510502)

摘　　要：目的分析洱海沉积物硫酸盐还原菌类群与含量和分布的变化,为研究该区域环境污染物迁移转化提供相应的生物学信息。方法分别采用PCR和荧光原位杂交法分析洱海沉积物硫酸盐还原菌类群和含量。结果春、秋季节洱海沉积物中共检出脱硫肠菌属、脱硫叶菌属、脱硫球菌属-脱硫线菌属-脱硫八叠菌属和脱硫弧菌属-脱硫微菌属4个类群的硫酸盐还原菌,其中脱硫弧菌-脱硫微菌属只在秋季沉积物中检出;春季的硫酸盐还原菌为(0.19±0.25)×104个.g-1,从悬浮层至18 cm深度均有检出;而秋季为(9.95±12.21)×104个.g-1,从悬浮层至26 cm深度均有检出,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论洱海沉积物硫酸盐还原菌类群较为丰富,脱硫弧菌属-脱硫微菌属在春季沉积物中可能为不可育状态;硫酸盐还原菌类群分布复杂,每一类群均具有季节和分布的差异和优势性;秋季含量显著高于春季且分布更深;洱海沉积物中可能存在硫酸盐还原菌6个类群以外的硫酸盐还原菌。Objective To analyze the seasonal changes in groups, quantity, and distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria（ SRB） in Lake Erhai, so as to provide biologic information for the study of environmental pollutant transfer in that region. Methods SRB groups were analyzed by PCR and SRB quantity by fluorescence in situ hybridization（FiSH）. Results In the sediments of Lake Erhai, four SRB groups （ Desulfotomaculum, Desulfobulbus, Desulibcoccus-Desulfonema- Desulfosarcina, Desulfovibrio-Desulfomicrobium） were detected in both spring and autumn, but Desulfovibrio-Desulfomicrobium was detected only in autumn; In spring, the total count of SRB was （0 - 0.85） × 10^4·g^-1, and SRB could be detected from the superficial suspension down to 18 cm of depth. In autumn, the total count was（0- 46.82）× 10^4·g^-1, and SRB could be detected from the suspension down to 26 cm of depth. The difference of SRB quantity between spring and autumn was statistially significant （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion SRB groups in the sediments of Lake Erhai are rather rich. Desulfovibrio-Desulfomicrobium may be uncuhivable in spring. The distribution of SRB groups is complicated, and each group has its seasonal difference and predominance. SRB quantities in autumn is greater than that in spring, and it spreads deeper. Maybe there are other unknown SRB groups besides the six SRB groups in Lake Erhai.

关 键 词：洱海 沉积物 硫酸盐还原菌 类群 分布 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]