微型机械制冷机的污染失效及其考核方法  

Contamination Failure Mechanism and Test of Miniature Mechanical Cryocooler

作　　者：杨宝玉[1] 吴亦农[1] 府华[1] 刘心广[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2007年第4期464-467,共4页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50376069)

摘　　要：阐述了污染失效是影响微型机械制冷机可靠性的一个关键因素,在分析污染气体的来源及其对制冷机回热器的影响等污染失效机理的基础上制订了考核方案。设计了微型高压阀,向机械制冷机工作腔内在线、连续添加污染杂质进行污染加速试验,从而解决了污染失效考核的关键问题。通过一台机械制冷机的污染加速试验对其污染失效进行了量化考核,结果表明,水蒸气、酒精、丙酮3种主要污染气体分别为74mg、31mg、114mg时使制冷性能下降约40%。污染失效的考核为机械制冷机寿命预测与污染控制提供了依据。Contamination failure has been proved as one of crucial factors which have great intluence on the reliability of miniature mechanical cryocooler. By means of analyzing contamination failure mechanism, such as contamination＇s generation and its effect on regenerator, the test scheme of contamination failure was proposed. In order to realize the accelerated contamination experiments, which is the difficult point of contamination failure test scheme, a novel micro high-pressure valve was designed to realize injecting contamination into the running cryocooler directly and continuously. Through a set of accelerated contamination experiments, the quantitative test of contamination failure of one cryocooler has been obtained. It indicates that 74mg water, 114 mg alcohol or 3ling acetone resuits in about 40 percent declination of cooling ability respectively. Contamination failure test supports the life estimation and contamination control process of cryocooler.

关 键 词：机械制冷机 可靠性 污染失效 微型高压阀 加速试验 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]