矿山地震、瓦斯突出、煤岩体破裂——煤矿安全中的科学问题  

Relationship between mining seismicity and gas outburst in coal mine——Some scientific questions of mining safety

作　　者：李世愚[1] 和雪松[1] 潘科[2] 张天中[1] 王林瑛[1] 许忠淮[1] 蒋秀琴[2] 张连成 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081 [2]辽宁省地震局,沈阳110031 [3]北京门头沟煤矿

出　　处：《物理》2007年第2期136-145,共10页Physics

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项奖金(批准号:2001DIB);国定自然科学基金(批准号:40474018)的联合资助项目

摘　　要：文章介绍了矿山地震和瓦斯突出等煤矿灾害及成因,并通过若干煤矿瓦斯突出和矿山地震的同震现象,论述了这些灾害在动力过程中的内在关系.这些震例表明,在高瓦斯煤矿,矿山地震与瓦斯突出存在密切的相关.认为较大矿震加上瓦斯的低值延时响应可能是瓦斯突出的预警信号.建立矿震(冲击地压)与瓦斯突出联合监测和预警系统,是维护矿山安全,减轻矿山灾害的重要途径.从矿震定位、震源机制、矿震成因、瓦斯突出条件分析了矿震与瓦斯突出相关的机理.为矿震和瓦斯的联合监测和灾害预警提供了科学依据.进一步介绍了瓦斯流体对矿震的触发作用,尤其超临界流体的特殊性质在矿震发生中的重要作用.The phenomena in which mining shocks and gas outburst occur simultaneously are enumerated. These examples reveal the close relationship between mining seismieity and gas outburst or gas overflow in coal mines that are rich in gas. It is suggested that the strong mining shocks plus the low delay time response？？ are early warning signals. Thus, the joint observation of mining seismieity and gas for early warning of disasters is necessary for maintaining safety and mitigating disasters. The mechanism of the relationship between mining seismieity and gas outburst is analyzed based on the shock location, source？？ focus mechanism, cause of the shocks, and gas outburst conditions. The trigger effect of gas fluid, especially the important effects of special characteristics of ultra - critical fluid on the eruption of mining shocks are discussed.

关 键 词：矿山安全 矿山地震 冲击地压 瓦斯突出 

分 类 号：TD79[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]