新疆维吾尔自治区8月龄-15岁人群乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原及抗体监测分析  

Analysis on Carrier Rate for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Positive Rate for Hepatitis B Antibody of People From 8 Month to 15 Years Old in Xinjiang

作　　者：甫尔哈提[1] 刘全民[1] 热依汗古丽[1] 马合木提[1] 关静[1] 许欣[1] 勾艾莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2007年第1期23-26,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：卫生部/全球疫苗免疫联盟/儿童疫苗基金合作项目

摘　　要：目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区8月龄～15岁人群乙型肝炎（乙肝）病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）及抗体（抗-HBs）阳性率，评价卫生部／全球疫苗免疫联盟/儿童免疫基金（GAVI）项目实施效果。方法采用二级抽样的方法，从全疆67个县共抽取8月龄～15岁人群4633名。用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清中的ImsAg及抗-HBs。结果新疆维吾尔自治区8月龄～15岁人群HBsAg阳性率2．29％[95％可信区间CI为1．9％～2．8％]，单抗-HBs阳性率45．65％（95％CI为44．2％～47．1％）。不同民族人群ImsAg和抗-HBs阳性率差异均有非常显著的统计学意义（x^2=69．146，x^2=755．694，P均〈0．01）。GAVI项目干预后，8月龄～2岁儿童HBsAg阳性率从项目前的2．74％降到项目后的为0．82％，下降了70．1％；单抗-HBs从项目实施前的41．75％提高到项目实施后的64．72％，上升了55．0％。结论GAVI项目启动后取得显著效果。为保证GAVI项目的顺利开展，应提高第1针乙肝疫苗及时接种率和大力开展少数民族语言文字接种乙肝疫苗宣传工作。Objective To know the effect of GAVI project in Xinjiang through testing carrier rate for Hepatitis B virus surface antigen （HBsAg） and positive rate for Hepatitis B virus antibody （HBsAb） of people from 8 months to 15 years old in Xinjiang. Methods 4633 aged from 8 months to 15 years old were selected and 67 counties of Xinjiang were investigated by two-stage sampling method. HBsAg and HBsAb were tested by ELISA method. Results Carrier rate of HBsAg of people from 8 months to 15 years old in Xinjiang were 2.29% （95 % CI1. 9%-2.8% ） and single HBsAb positive rates were 45.65 % （95 96 CI4 4.2 % -47.1% ）. The difference of HBsAg carrier rate and HBsAb positive rates among different minority ethnic children were statistical significant （ Z2 = 69. 146, Z2 = 755.694,P 〈 0 . 01）. After implementation of GAVI project, HBsAg carrier rate of children from 8 months to 3 years old in Xinjiang has been reduced from 2.54 % to 0.86 %, and single HBsAb positive rate has been improved from 41.75 % to 67.62 %. Conclusion After implementing the GAVI project,effect of immunization has been proceed remarkably. To ensure GAVI project being implemented well in Xinjiang, the rate for the timely birth dose should be strengthened immediately and minority ethnic languages should be widely used to mobile the GAVI project.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎疫苗 预防接种 乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原 乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]