应用甲型肝炎灭活疫苗控制甲型肝炎爆发的研究  

Research on Control of the Outbreak of Hepatitis A Using Inactivated Hepatitis A Vaccine

作　　者：徐建荣[1] 叶众[1] 杨存军[1] 郑广勇[1] 高丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]象山县疾病预防控制中心,浙江象山315700

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2007年第1期66-68,共3页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的通过对易感人群应急接种甲型肝炎（甲肝）灭活疫苗（HepA），阻断甲肝的流行，考查HepA应急接种效果并评价疫苗的安全性。方法该研究为非随机化，无对照试验。2004年8月象山县发生甲肝疫情后，根据血清学调查的结果，对甲肝易感的中、小学生进行HepA应急接种，统计分析8-10月甲肝流行趋势。结果此次甲肝爆发应急接种HepA51305剂，应急接种及全程免疫共接种83651剂，所有接种者仅1人在接种后3d发病（接种前已在潜伏期），接种疫苗后人群不良反应发生率为8．249历。结论甲肝爆发或流行时使用HepA进行应急接种，可有效控制甲肝疫情，同时疫苗安全性良好。Objective To stop an epidemic of hepatitis A in Xiangshan County by mass immunization of susceptible populations with an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine and to evaluated the efficacy and safety by meet an emergency administrating the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine. Methods The study was nonrandomized, and uncontrolled. In August, 2004, an outbreak of hepatitis A began in Xiangshan County, 172 cases of acute symptomatic hepatitis A were reported and most of them were adolescents. For availably controlling the epidemic situation. Hepatitis A vaccine was offered to all persons in susceptible students and primary schools according to the serosurvey results. The hepatitis A epidemic current was statically analyzed from August to October. Result The endemic of hepatitis A was stopped after 15 days by an emergency administrating the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine 51305 doses.83651 doses vaccines used to emergency administrating and full administrating,one case occurred after 3 days among all subjects （in latent period before administrate）, adverse events rate was 8.249/10 thousand. Conclusion This study suggested that hepatitis A vaccine could control the epidemic and can be used in breaking out of hepatitis A by administrating in meet the emergency, the vaccine was safe.

关 键 词：甲型肝炎 爆发 甲型肝炎灭活疫苗 应急接种 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.61[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]