晚发老年哮喘与早发老年哮喘和慢性支气管炎的临床特点对比  

Comparative Study on Clinical Features of Late-onset Asthma and Early-onset Asthma and Chronic Bronchitis in the Elderly

作　　者：张庆[1] 王为军[2] 陈宇[1] 何权瀛[3] 邢志俐[1] 田伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]承德医学院附属医院呼吸科,河北省承德市067000 [2]承德市第五医院内科 [3]北京大学人民医院呼吸科

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2007年第3期203-204,共2页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨晚发老年哮喘的临床特点,为临床诊断提供依据。方法选择晚发老年哮喘患者(晚发组)26例、早发老年哮喘患者(早发组)24例、慢性支气管炎患者(慢支组)22例进行对比研究,并进行临床统计学分析。结果3组患者发病诱因、急性起病、夜间发作、发病季节、吸烟史、过敏史、病程及皮肤过敏原试验阳性率间差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);晚发组患者的病程短于早发组和慢支组(P<0.01),晚发组患者的急性起病率低于早发组(P<0.05);晚发组患者的皮肤过敏原试验阳性率高于慢支组(P<0.01)。结论晚发老年哮喘与慢性支气管炎的临床特点差别明显,但与早发老年哮喘患者的临床表现基本相似,综合分析多项临床指标可明显提高晚发老年哮喘的诊断率。Objective To discuss clinical features of late -onset asthma in the elderly, in order to offer more evidence for clinical diagnosis, Methods Totally 26 cases with late - onset asthma （LOA） were studied in comparison with 24 cases with early -onset asthma （EOA） and 22 cases （ ≥60 years） with chronic bronchitis （CB）, and the clinical statistic analysis was conducted. Results The rates of multiple - factor pathogenesis, acute attack, wheezing at night, seawon of onset, smoking history, positive clan allergy history, course of diseases and positive allergy skin test in three groups were significantly different respehively （ P 〈0. 05）, The rate of acute attack in LOA groups was lower than EOA group （ P 〈0. 05）, The course of disease in LOA group was shorter than those in EOA and CB groups （ P 〈0. 01 ）, The rates of positive clan allergy history and acute attack in EOA group was higher than those in LOA group （ P 〈0. 01 ）. Conclusion LOA is obviously different from CB in many aspects. The clinical manifestations of LOA and EOA are basically similar. Diagnosis of LOA in the elderly can be made easy by comprehensive analysis of multiple clinical indexes.

关 键 词：晚发老年哮喘 早发老年哮喘 支气管炎 慢性 

分 类 号：R562[医药卫生—呼吸系统]