泌尿系感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Pathogens in Urinary System:Their Distribution and Resistance Analysis

作　　者：燕成岭[1] 樊淑珍[2] 曹银芳[1] 李凤娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区医院,内蒙古呼和浩特010017 [2]内蒙古医学院第一附属医院,内蒙古呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2007年第2期224-226,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨泌尿系感染的病原菌分布及耐药状况，为临床诊断和治疗泌尿系感染疾病提供可靠的依据，指导临床合理用药。方法对医院2003年1月-2004年12月间，住院及门诊泌尿系感染患者尿培养分离出的536株病原菌进行鉴定和耐药分析。结果泌尿系感染的病原菌中大肠埃希菌检出率最高，占57．0％；其次为肠球菌属、克雷伯菌属、葡萄球菌属、铜绿假单胞菌及真菌；大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南耐药率最低为2．6％，而对大部分β-内酰胺类药物的耐药率〉30．0％；肠球菌属的耐药率为40．0％～70．0％，仅对万古霉素耐药率为10．3％。结论泌尿系感染主要病原菌为肠杆菌科细菌，对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率明显较高，临床应依据药敏报告结果合理选用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in urinary system, provide the credible evidence with the clinic diagnosis and the treatment of urinary diseases, and give doctors reasonable advice for medicine usage. METHODS The pathogens from the urine specimens were isolated and cultured from the patients in hospital from Jan 2003 to Dec 2004. The total 536 strains of pathogens were identified and the drug resistance was analyzed. RESULTS Escherichia coli among the pathogens infected the urinary system rated the top （ 57.0% ）, secondly were Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungi. The drug resistance of E. coli to imipenem was the lowest, about 2.6%, however, it was above 30.0% towards the most beta-lactam antibiotics; the drug resistance of Enterococcus was generally higher, about 40. 0-70. 0%, but vancomycin was lower, about 10. 3%. CONCLUSIONS The main pathogens are Enterobacteriaceae which infect the urinary system, the drug resistance is obviously higher to the quinolones, the clinic should reasonably choose the antibiotics according to the test results of the pathogens sensitivity to drugs.

关 键 词：大肠埃希菌 病原菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R691.3[医药卫生—泌尿科学]