水稻内生细菌的分离及其拮抗性与潜在致病性测定  

Isolation of Rice Endophytic Bacteria and Their Antagonism and Potential Pathogenicity

作　　者：朱凤[1] 陈夕军[1] 童蕴慧[1] 纪兆林[1] 徐敬友[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院

出　　处：《中国生物防治》2007年第1期68-72,共5页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：江苏省科技攻关项目(BE2002303)

摘　　要：从江苏省扬州、南通、常州和徐州等地水稻根、茎和种子分离获得内生细菌736个菌株，其中对稻瘟病菌、稻恶苗病菌、稻纹枯病菌和稻白叶枯病菌拮抗的菌株分别占20．7％、5．4％、3．1％和1．1％，且主要来自根和茎，并有24个和3个菌株分别对2种和3种病菌有拮抗活性。对稻瘟病菌和稻恶苗病菌拮抗的内生细菌转管培养20代后，多数菌株拮抗活性稳定，对其他两种病菌拮抗的菌株转管培养后则拮抗能力大都显著下降或丧失。经形态和生理生化鉴定，高拮抗菌株G87（对稻瘟病菌、稻恶苗病菌、稻白叶枯病菌拮抗）和J215（对稻瘟病菌、稻恶苗病菌拮抗）为枯草芽孢杆菌。针刺和剪叶接种试验表明，大多数水稻内生细菌不致病，少数（3．4％～4．8％）在人工接种条件下可有致病能力或潜在致病性。736 endophytic bacteria were obtained from the roots, stems and seeds of healthy rice plants in Yangzhou, Nantong, Changzhou and Xuzhou of Jiangsu Province, China. Among the endophytic bacteria, there were many isolates antagonistic against the rice pathogens such as Magnaporthe grisea, Gibberella fujikuroi, Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, with the percentage of 20.7 %, 5.4%, 3.1% and 1.1%, respectively, and there were a few of isolates antagonistic to two or three pathogens. The antagonistic bacteria from rice roots and stems were more than from the seeds. After the antagonistic isolates were transferred from tube to tube for 20 times, most of them kept the antagonism stable against M. grisea and G. fujikuroi, but the antagonism to R. solani and X. oryzae pv. oryzae was significantly decreased or lost. Through the tests of morphology, physiology and biochemistry, isolates G87 antagonistic strongly against M. grisea, G. fujikuroi, X. oryzae pv. oryzae, and J215 antagonistic strongly to M. grisea, G. fujikuroi were identified as Bacillus subtilis （Ehrenberg） Cohn. All endophytic bacteria were inoculated on rice stems by needle-pricking and on the leaves by scissors-cuting. The results showed that the great majority of the endophytic bacteria were not virulent to rice plants though a few （3.4 % - 4.8 % ） had obvious or potential pathogenicity.

关 键 词：内生细菌 拮抗性 枯草芽孢杆菌 致病性 水稻 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476[农业科学—植物保护]