中国东北地区5个常见蜜环菌生物种的培养特性  

Culture Characters of Five Familiar Armillaria Biological Species in Northeast China

作　　者：孙立夫[1] 田淑敏[2] 杨国亭[3] 赵俊[2] 秦国夫[2] 宋玉双[2] 宋瑞清[4] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院,浙江312000 [2]国家林业局森林病虫害防治总站 [3]东北林业大学林学院 [4]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2007年第2期48-51,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30271085);黑龙江省自然科学基金(220-413504);哈尔滨市青年基金项目(2002AFQXJ006)

摘　　要：选择马铃薯-葡萄糖、松膏Ⅰ、松膏Ⅱ、ShawⅢ和MS共5种培养基,分别对中国东北地区5个常见蜜环菌生物种的单倍体和双倍体菌株进行培养特性研究。结果表明:5个蜜环菌生物种在5种培养基上的菌落形态和颜色以及培养基颜色变化等方面表现大同小异。单倍体菌落颜色基本为白色,有菌索产生的菌落易变成浅褐色;双倍体菌落基本上为浅褐色或褐色,壳皮状,随着菌丝生长和菌索形成能力的提高,菌落的颜色也表现出越来越深的趋势,绝大多数培养基不变色。5个生物种单双倍体菌株间在菌丝生长和菌索形成方面存在变化,双倍体菌株的菌丝生长速度普遍要比单倍体菌丝快,且菌索形成的能力也明显增强,菌丝生长良好的则菌索形成能力也相对较强;每个生物种不同交配类型的单倍体菌株间在同一种培养基上也基本表现相同。在5种培养基中,两个松膏培养基对促进菌丝生长和菌索的形成是最佳选择,其次是ShawⅢ培养基,再次是PDA培养基,而MS培养基则最差。An experiment was conducted to study the culture characters of the haploid isolates and diploid isolates of five familiar Armillaria biological species in Northeast China on five kinds of media （PDA, PNEMⅠ, PNEMⅡ, ShawⅢ and MS）. Result indicated that the representations of the five Armiliaria biological species in colonial morphology and color, and color distortion of media are similar. Haploid colonies are basically white, and the colonies with rhizomorph tend to change into brown. The diploid colonies are light brown or brown with crust shape. With the hyphae growing and rhizomorph forming, the colonies become darker, while the media do not change in color. There arc some differences in mycelium growth and rhizomorph forming between haploid and diploid, and the diploid isolates are commonly stronger and their rhizomorph forming abilities are stronger, namely, the better the hyphae growth is, the stronger rhizomorph forming ability is. Different tester types of haploid of each biological species perform similarly on the same medium. Of all the media, PNEMI and PNEMⅡ are Letter in promoting hyphae growth and rhizomorph forming, and then followed by Shawm, PDA and MS in order.

关 键 词：培养基 菌丝 菌索 菌落 单倍体 双倍体 

分 类 号：S718.81[农业科学—林学]