葱紫斑病发生及防治若干问题的初步研究 Ⅰ.分生孢子萌发侵染、潜育显症及杀菌剂筛选  

Preliminary Studies on Regularity and Control of Alternaria porri Ⅰ.Spore Germination,Incubation and Fungicides Screening of Alternaria porri

作　　者：温嘉伟[1] 朱琳[1] 牟喜涛 高洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118 [2]长春市种子管理站,长春1300210

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2007年第1期33-36,共4页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20050812)

摘　　要：对葱紫斑病菌孢子萌发侵染、潜育显症、杀菌剂筛选等进行了研究。结果表明：葱紫斑病病原菌分生孢子在适温下的清水中3h的萌发率可达到87％，附着胞开始形成，6h后附着胞的形成达到高峰。分生孢子的侵入率和附着胞的形成率呈高度正相关；23—30℃适宜孢子萌发，25℃为孢子萌发的最适温度；萌发后干燥6d后孢子死亡。氮、磷、钾肥均可显著降低葱紫斑病的侵染，且氮、钾肥对大葱抗侵染的效果好于磷肥。葱紫斑病的潜育期为3d，其累积显症率与时间的关系曲线为“倒J”型；百菌清对葱紫斑病菌孢子萌发的抑制效果最好，新万生、大生和杀毒矾的效果次之，而多菌灵、甲基托布津、三唑酮效果较差。Spore germination, incubation, symptom appearance and control of Ahernaria porri were studied. The results showed that： In fresh water of suitable temperature, spores of Alternaria porri germinated over 87%, after three hours, they began to produce appressoriums and the quantity of appresorium was the highest after six hours; The rate of spore invasion was positive related to rate of appresorium; Gemaination temperature of spores was between 23℃ and 30℃and the most suitable temperature was 25℃; The germinating spores were dehydrated for more than 6 days; Chemical fertilizers could reduce spore infection, and in this aspect nitrogen and potassium were better than phosphate; The incubation period of Alternaria porti was 3 days; The relation curve was ＂invert J＂ shape between rate of accumulated symp- tomatic appearance and time; The best fungicide to restrain spore germination was Daconil, then came Manzate,DithaneM-45 and Sandofan-M8 and the effacy of Carbendazo, Toppsin M and Triadimefon was low.

关 键 词：葱紫斑病 孢子 附着胞 潜育期 杀菌剂 

分 类 号：S436.33[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]