QuikSCAT洋面风资料及其在热带气旋分析中的应用  

The Ocean Surface Vector Wind Data of QuikSCAT and Its Application in Tropical Cyclone Analysis

作　　者：方翔[1,2] 咸迪[2] 李小龙[2] 王新[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理学院,100871 [2]国家卫星气象中心

出　　处：《气象》2007年第3期33-39,I0001,共8页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家基础研究基金"我国华南致洪暴雨监测与预测的理论和方法研究"(2004CB418305);上海台风研究基金"AMSU微波资料在台风定强中的应用研究"(2004STA003)资助

摘　　要：QuikSCAT洋面风场资料可以提供海面上10米的风场信息,为热带气旋的进一步监测与分析提供帮助。通过对QuikSCAT洋面风轨道资料再处理和精度检验,国家卫星气象中心生成了更高分辨率的格点风场数据。通过洋面风资料对近年编号热带气旋的辅助分析实验,分析总结了洋面风资料在热带气旋定位、定强、发展趋势以及大风分析中的一些应用方法。结果表明尽管存在一定误差,QuikSCAT洋面风场资料可以有效校正海上热带气旋特别是弱热带气旋的定位和定强偏差,反映热带气旋大风区的分布和低层环境流场,为进一步推断热带气旋的发展和移动趋势提供帮助。Wind vectors can be observed by the QuikSCAT/SeaWinds（QSCAT） satellite mission, which are at a height of 10m above the local mean sea surface. It plays an important role in the monitoring and further theoretic analysis of tropical cyclones （TCs）. Based on the introduction of status and development of ocean wind satellites, the wind vectors products processing methods and the application for TCs detection is expatiated, Then, the worked QSCAT wind vectors are validated by comparing with the QSCAT original data and the winds with in situ observations by ocean buoys. It was found that the accuracy varied across the swath, with average absolute errors in speed of 0.71m·s^-1 and in the direction of 26.29°, while the root-mean-squared differences are 1.2m·s^-1 and 29.33°, respectively. For the more convenient using the database, the researchers in National Satellite Meteorological Center （NSMC） treat with the wind vectors to regular grid- ded data even in the 0.1° × 0.1° area, also to MICAPS format. In research applications, the QSCAT wind vectors token directly the location and intensity of TCs, especially earlier detection, with the distinguishing the powerful wind area. In addition, it also allows the study of determining what promotes tropical cyclogenesis, due to the analysis of air stream fields.

关 键 词：QUIKSCAT 洋面风 热带气旋 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]