松花江水系江水中全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸污染现状调查  

Investigation of Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) pollution in the surface water of the Songhua River

作　　者：刘冰[1] 金一和[1] 于棋麟[1] 王柯[1] 董光辉[1] 李洪源[2] 齐藤宪光 佐佐木和明 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学公共卫生学院,沈阳110001 [2]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院,哈尔滨150086 [3]岩手县环境保健研究中心

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2007年第3期480-486,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.30471435);辽宁省教育厅项目(No.2004C027)~~

摘　　要：为阐明松花江江水中全氟辛烷磺酸（Perfluorooctane sulfonate，PFOS）、全氟辛酸（Perfluorooctanoic acid，PFOA）的污染现状，以及中国石油吉林石化双苯厂爆炸事件对松花江江水和哈尔滨市内饮用水中PFOS、PFOA浓度的影响，于2005-10-12至2005-10-16间采集嫩江吉林大安江段、第二松花江吉林扶余江段、第一松花江黑龙江肇源江段及哈尔滨江段江水样品共22份．在吉林石化爆炸事件后，于2005．11．24至2005．11-28间每日定时在固定地点采集松花江哈尔滨江段江水样品；于2005-11-23和2005．11-28分别采集哈尔滨市内饮用水样品．采用高效液相色谱／质谱联机法（HPLC／MS）检测样品中PFOS和PFOA．结果表明，松花江水体中普遍存在PFOS、PFOA污染．全部江水样品中PFOS和PFOA浓度范围分别为0．06—8．04ng·L^-1和0．02—2．68ng·L^-1，几何平均值分别为1．214ng·L^-1和0．166ng·L^-1．松花江上游江段水中PFOS、PFOA浓度明显低于下游．流经哈尔滨市区时江水中PFOS和PFOA浓度逐渐升高．2005-11-26江水中PFOS浓度水平比2005-11-24江水浓度水平高5．8倍，而PFOA浓度未见变化．哈尔滨市内饮用水PFOS、PFOA平均浓度在2005-11-23停水前和2005-11-28恢复供水后未见差异．研究结果显示，松花江水体中普遍存在PFOS、PFOA污染；吉林石化公司爆炸事件后暂时性升高松花江江水中PFOS浓度，但未对哈尔滨市内饮用水中PFOS、PFOA的浓度产生影响．Abstract： The purpose was to investigate the pollution of perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS） and perfluorooctanoic acid （ PFOA ） in surface water of Songhua River, and to study the impact of the explosion affairs of Jilin Petrifaction Corporation on the concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in Songhua River and the drinking water of Harbin City. The water samples （ n = 22） were collected from the Dahn stage and the Fuyu stage of Nen River in Jilin province and the Zhao Yuan stage and the Harbin stage of Songhua River in Heilongjiang province, respectively. Those samples were collected from October 12th to October 16th in 2005. After the explosion affairs of Jilin Petrifaction Corporation, water samples were collected daily at specific sites in the Harbin stage of Songhua River from November 24th to November 28th in 2005. Drinking water samples were also collected from the Harbin city before the water supply was shut off in November 23rd and in November 28th after the recovery of the water supply. Samples were concentrated by solid-phase extraction and then HPLC/MS was used to analyze the concentrations of PFOS and PFOA. The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in all the water samples were discemable in the range of 0. 06 - 8.04 ng·L^-1 and 0. 02 - 2.68 ng·L^-1, with the geometric mean of 1. 214 ng·L^-1 and 0. 166 ng·L^-1, respectively. The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were higher in the downstream than those in the upstream of Songhua Rive, and an obvious increase was observed in the Harbin stage. The concentration of PFOS in surface water in Songhua River collected in November 26th was 5.8 times higher than that collected in November 24th, whereas the PFOA concentration did not see the variety. There was no significant difference of the average concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in drinking water in Harbin City before the water supply was shut off and after the recovery of water supply. The results indicated that the Songhua River has been extensively contaminated by PFOS and PFOA. The concentration of P

关 键 词：松花江 PFOS PFOA 水体污染 

分 类 号：X508[环境科学与工程—环境工程]