基于DEM的坡度研究——现状与展望  

Researches on DEM Derived Slope: A Review and Prospective

作　　者：杨勤科[1] 贾大韦 李锐[1] 梁伟[1] 师维娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 [2]澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织大气与海洋研究所

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2007年第1期146-150,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2007CB407203);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD09B05);黄委会治黄专项(2004SZ01-04)

摘　　要：坡度是最基本的地貌形态指标,它对地表物质能量迁移转换具有重要影响。阐述了坡度研究的几个主要方面,包括坡度分级与坡度制图方法,DEM建立方法和DEM类型对坡度的影响,DEM分辨率对坡度的影响,坡度衰减和坡度变换研究等。指出传统坡度研究方法已与GIS的发展,DEM的广泛应用不相适应,也不能满足水文和土壤侵蚀定量模拟研究的需要。指出应从改善DEM质量和DEM对地形描述能力入手,将DEM及其基础上提取的坡度视为空间上连续变化的表面,引入数字图形图像处理方法,以区域尺度径流与土壤侵蚀模拟及其相关的数字地形分析为服务对象,对坡度问题展开系统研究。研究重点应包括:DEM类型对于坡度的影响,坡度衰减原理,坡度变换方法与变换结果应用等。As an essential factor of landform, slope gradient has impacted the processes of transformation of materials and energies. The main researches on slope have been reviewed, including slope mapping, slope effects of DEM type, slope scale effects involved to DEM resolutions, and transformation of coarser resolution DEM derived slope. The main problems puzzled researchers on slope is slope mapping methods, in which slope was thought of discrete data and mapping for each of the classes. These methods were not matched to development of GIS and DEM applications, and do not meet the requirements of modeling in watershed hydrology and regional soil erosion as well. Considering the application of slope in hydrology and regional erosion modeling, the vegetation suitability assessing and mapping, main topics to be studied on slope include effects of DEMs from varied interpolation strategies, mechanisms of reduction for coarser resolution DEMs derived slopes, methods and model for coarser slope transformation, and application of scaled slope surface in studies of hydrologic and erosion models at the regional scale.

关 键 词：坡度 坡度图 DEM 坡度表面 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S157[农业科学—土壤学]