农产品产地土壤环境质量适宜性评价研究  

Study on Soil Environmental Suitability Assessment for Agricultural Producing Area

作　　者：刘凤枝[1] 师荣光[1] 徐亚平[1] 蔡彦明[1] 刘铭[1] 战新华[1] 王跃华[1] 刘保锋[1] 赵玉杰[1] 郑向群[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部环境监测总站,天津300191

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第1期6-14,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目:农业环境污染的系统分析和综合治理;科技部重要技术标准研究专项"农产品产地环境控制与安全技术标准研究("2002BA906A76)

摘　　要：结合《农产品质量安全法》及《农产品产地安全管理办法》的实施,提出将耕地土壤重金属污染评价分为累积性污染评价和适宜性评价两类。以土壤重金属全量测定值与土壤重金属背景值的比值反映土壤累积性污染状况,而以土壤中重金属有效态测定值与有效态临界值的比值作为评价农产品产地土壤环境质量适宜性的方法。为此,制定了耕地土壤重金属污染与评价技术规程,给出了以盆栽实验为基础,小区实验进行验证,以国家食品卫生标准限量值为依据,确定土壤重金属有效态临界值的方法,并将其制定成为耕地土壤重金属临界值制定技术规范。与目前采用国家《土壤环境质量标准》的评价方法相比,本文提出的适宜性评价方法,可以更好地反映土壤重金属污染与作物可食部分重金属含量的关系,并对农产品产地土壤环境质量对种植作物的适宜性做出科学的评价。该方法的建立,将对实施《农产品质量安全法》的禁产区划分提供科学依据,为我国推行农业标准化生产奠定基础。Combined with the implementation of ＂code of primary products quality security＂ and ＂safety management methods of agricultural producing area＂, two farmland soil pollution assessment methods were presented in the paper, which were the soil heavy metal accumulation assessment and suitability assessment. The ratio of detecting value of total soil heavy metal between the soil heavy metal backgrounds was used to reflect the soil accumulation pollution status. The method of suitability assessment technology utilized the ratio of availability of soil heavy metals between the limits of available soil heavy metals. Based on these studies, operational rules for monitoring and assessment of heavy metal pollution of the farmland were constituted. In addition, the standards of detecting methods were also constituted to provide basis for soil environmental suitability assessment. By contrast to the method used environmental quality standard for soils, this method can better reflect the relation between soil pollution and edible parts of crop and the suitability of soil environment to crop. In addition, the assessment results can affectedly on soil environment assessment of agricultural producing area and crop planting. These methods provides important scientific basis for the division of non-producing areas related to ＂code of primary products quality security＂and promotion the standard of agricultural producing.

关 键 词：农产品产地 土壤环境 适宜性评价 重金属有效态 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]