乌梁素海流域农田面源污染研究  

Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Wuliangsuhai Valley

作　　者：刘振英[1] 李亚威 李俊峰 金朝晖[1] 顾久君[1] 张云霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [2]内蒙古环境保护局,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]乌海市环境科学研究所,内蒙古乌海016000

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第1期41-44,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：教育部南开大学/天津大学科技合作基金;中国瑞典挪威合作项目

摘　　要：以乌梁素海流域现有的灌排水系统为基础布设采样点,监测农田退水以及乌梁素海入口中总氮、总磷浓度;应用环境污染物模型研究污染物在主排干的综合降解情况,并对模型进行校正。结果表明,总氮总磷在主排干的综合降解率达到30.32%和61.51%;在进入乌梁素海的负荷量中,来自农田面源污染的总氮为2646.51t·a-1,总磷为29.96t·a-1,分别占进入乌梁素海污染物总负荷量的77.57%和26.78%。结合乌梁素海流域农业开发方式、农田灌溉行为以及施肥习惯的调查结果,分析了乌梁素海流域农田面源污染的主要原因。Based on the original irrigation and drainage system, sampling sites were sot in the main drainage canal of Wuliangsuhai Valley and inlets of the lake. In order to study the eutrophication of Wuliangsuhai Lake by agricultural non-point source pollution, nutrient concentrations in the water were monitored at nine sampling sites in Wuliangsuhai Valley. The samples were collected in 2004 during nonfreezing periods from May to December. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus transfer loss in main drainage canal were calculated by pollutant degradation model that was emendated by temperature. The degradation rates of total nitrogen and total phosphorous were 30.32% and 61.51%, respectively. Thus, total nitrogen and phosphorus loads into Wuliangsuhai Lake from agricultural non-point source pollution were 2 646.51 t·a^-1 and 29.96 t·a^-1, accounting for 77.57% and 26.78% of total loads into Wuliangsuhai Lake from all pollution sources. The results indicated that agricultural non-point source was main source of nutrient and main reason of eutrophication in Wuliangsuhai Lake. Through investigat- ing the agricultural irrigation means and traditional fertilization modes, the main cause of agricultural non-point source pollution in Wuliangsuhai Valley was analyzed.

关 键 词：乌梁素海流域 农田面源污染 总氮 总磷 

分 类 号：X501[环境科学与工程—环境工程]