基于流域单元的农业非点源污染负荷估算  

Calculating Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Load Based on Watershed Unit

作　　者：张水龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300191

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第1期71-74,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助(2004035516);天津市高等学校科技发展基金资助项目(20031215)

摘　　要：农业非点源污染的定量化以及流域中污染关键区的识别工作对于控制农业非点源污染起着重要作用,利用描述产污过程的数学模型,以地理信息系统作为建立数据库的支持,选取辽宁西部的下河套小流域作为案例,给出基于流域单元的农业非点源污染负荷计算过程。结果显示,不同类型、不同空间位置的流域单元对整个流域污染的贡献不同,三级流域单元和直接汇入三级河流的一级流域单元对流域污染的贡献最大,也是更为需要加强管理的区域。该方法可为制定相应的流域管理措施提供依据。Quantifying agricultural non-point source pollution and identifying key pollution areas of the watershed are important for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution. Using geographic information system to support database and Xiahetao watershed as the case, the study established mathematical models for describing pollution production process and calculated the agricultural non-point source pollution load based on watershed unit. The core of this model system included three parts： soil loss model, surface runoff and ground runoff pollutant load model. The results showed that the contribution of watershed unit to the whole watershed pollution load depended on its type and spatial site. The third level watershed units and the first level watershed units which flowed directly into stream-river contributed most to the pollution load of watershed. These watershed units also were key areas to enhance environment management. This method could provide support in making relevant watershed management actions by identifying the key source areas.

关 键 词：非点源污染 流域单元 产污模型 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程]