汞在兰州市多介质环境中的分布特征及成因初探  

Preliminary Study on Mercury Distribution in Multimedia Environment in Lanzhou

作　　者：苏静[1] 程金平[1] 叶笑风[1] 袁涛[1] 王文华[1] 米黎军 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240 [2]兰州市环境监测站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第1期381-385,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20077016)

摘　　要：为探讨汞在兰州市多介质环境中的分布特征及成因,用金砂吸附及AMA254高级测汞仪测定了兰州市不同功能区大气、土壤和水体三介质中的总汞含量。结果表明,兰州市大气总汞浓度年平均值为28.62ng·m-3,其中采暖期为48.48ng·m-3,非采暖期为9.42ng·m-3;兰州市土壤剖面汞含量的差异较大,表层汞含量高,最高峰值0.117mg·kg-1,向下逐渐减少到土壤背景值;兰州市黄河水体中总汞浓度夏季高于冬季,夏季水体中汞以溶解态为主,冬季以颗粒态为主。由以上结果初步推论兰州市大气汞浓度显著受到人为活动的影响,且工业污染源和生活污染源均对大气汞浓度有所贡献;土壤和大气汞浓度未达到污染水平;兰州市黄河水体中汞浓度绝大部分超过《地面水环境质量标准》的Ⅲ类标准值。In order to investigate the characteristics and causes of mercury distribution in multimedia environment in Lanzhou, the content of mercury in air, soil and water were measured by means of outdoor sampling and indoor analysis. The annual average concentration of total gaseous mercury in Lanzhou was 28.62 ng·m^-3. In heating season, the average concentration of total gaseous mercury was 48.48 ng·m^-3, much higher than 9.42 ng·m^-3 in non-heating season. Mercury content in soil profile layers in Lanzhou varied considerably, was the highest in topsoil with a peak value of 0.117 mg·kg^-1, and decreased to the background value as the depth increased. The total mercury concentration in water of Huanghe River was mainly composed of dissolved Hg in summer but included both dissolved Hg and particulate Hg in winter. Human behaviors, especially industrial activities, had significantly affected Hg concentration in air. Though the content of mercury in air and soil in Lanzhou didn＇t reach the pollution level, in most waters of Huanghe River, it exceeded Surface Water Environment Quality Standard Level Ⅲ.

关 键 词：汞 多介质 分布 兰州市 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]