科斯定理、合成谬误与囚犯难题  

Coase Theorem,Fallacy of Composition and Prisoner's Dilemma

作　　者：谢作诗[1] 穆怀中[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学经济与管理学院,沈阳110034 [2]辽宁大学校长办公室,辽宁大连110036

出　　处：《河北经贸大学学报》2007年第1期6-10,共5页Journal of Hebei University of Economics and Business

摘　　要：科斯的工作决不仅仅是对于社会成本问题的一个解答,更为重要的,是他为我们提供了一种透视经济现象的新方法、新视角。这集中地表现在两个方面:其一,用一般均衡的观点看世界;其二,重视约束条件。在一般均衡框架下,在理想的没有“摩擦”的经济环境中,不可能有“对个人来说是对的,”也不会有“对社会整体来说是对的,但对个人来说却不对”的事情。这是科斯定理的另一种表述了。“合成谬误”的传统分析不仅与科斯的新的方法、新的视角相背离,也与科斯定理的基本内涵相矛盾。而“囚犯难题”个人理性与集体理性相冲突的传统分析同样也与科斯的新的方法、新的视角相背离,并与科斯定理的基本内涵相矛盾。Coase has not only provided an answer to social cost but also, more importantly, offers us a new approach and perspective to examine economic phenomenon. First, we shall watch the world with the perspective of general equilibrium. Second, we shall pay enough attention to restrictive conditions. Under the frame of general equilibrium, in the ideal economic context without any frictions, there will not be any event that is good for an individual nor will there be any event that is good for the whole society but bad for an individual. This is another expression of Coase theorem. The conventional analysis of fallacy of composition not only deviates from the new approach and perspective of Coase but also contradicts the connotation of Coase theorem. So does the conflict of individual and collective rationality by the analysis of the prisoner＇s dilemma.

关 键 词：科斯定理 合成谬误 囚犯难题 

分 类 号：F091.3[经济管理—政治经济学]