遥感信息应用于水分胁迫条件下的华北冬小麦生长模拟研究  

Winter Wheat Growth Simulation under Water Stress by Remote Sensing in North China

作　　者：张黎[1] 王石立[1] 何延波 马玉平[1] 庄立伟 侯英雨 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2007年第3期401-410,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40275035)

摘　　要：由于初始土壤水分、灌溉量等变量的空间分布不易获得,区域尺度水分胁迫条件下作物生长模拟存在一定难度。本文在WOFOST模型本地化和区域化的基础上,采用调控型方法,重点探讨了利用MODIS数据反演的地表蒸散在大范围内估算土壤水分平衡过程中的参数或变量初始值,以实现水分胁迫条件下作物模型区域模拟的可行性。2002年模拟结果显示,引入遥感信息优化获得初始土壤有效含水量、返青期生物量及抽穗期灌溉量后,土壤水分的模拟效果得到改善;32个农业气象试验站点模拟产量的相对均方根误差(RRMSE)由0.63降至0.20;华北冬小麦模拟产量的空间分布与实际产量分布更加接近,产量低估的情况得到较好改善;河北、河南、山东3省平均产量的模拟误差分别为-4.9%、4.3%和8.6%。初步结果表明,结合卫星遥感信息通过优化方法在大范围内估算作物模型的相关参变量,以实现水分胁迫条件下作物模型的区域应用是行之有效的。Accurate crop growth monitoring and yield forecasting are significant to food security and sustainable development of agriculture. However, regional crop growth simulation under water stress faces the difficulties in determining the spatial distribution of some model parameters and initial conditions, such as initial available soil water and irrigation. It appears to be a big potential in this field to couple remote sensing data with crop model. In this paper, we proposed a way of combining evapetranspiration derived from satellite remote sensing data with crop grow simulation model （WOFOST） under water stress. Some modifications of WOFOST model were performed with field experimental data to make it applicable in North China Plain. The combination method was first applied to simulate the growth, development, and yield formation processes for winter wheat at two sites, Tai＇ an and Zhengzhou, during the growing season from 2001 to 2002. According to the results of sensitivity analysis, the initial available soil water was chosen to be recalibrated by observed evapotranspiration derived from MODIS data based on SEBS model （Surface Energy Balance System）. Also the biomass at reviving and irrigation at heading stage were selected to re-estimated by observed SAVI and evapotranspiration, considering over-winter process and the importance of irrigation on winter wheat yield formation in North China. The difference between observed and simulated evapotranspirafion/SAVI was minimized by re-initializing/re-parameterizing three chosen initial conditions/parameters with an optimization program （FSEOPT）. The estimated values of initial available soil water and irrigation showed good agreement with observations at the two sites. And the relative errors of simulated dry matter weight of gross above-ground and storage organ were reduced also. On the basis of the regionalization of weather data, model parameters, and initial conditions, we used this method to estimate winter wheat yields in North China during the gro

关 键 词：作物生长模拟模型 遥感信息 华北冬小麦 水分胁迫 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]