树木溃疡病重要病原葡萄座腔菌属、种及其无性型研究  

Study on the Anamorph and Species of Botryosphaeria,the Important Pathogen of Tree's Canker

作　　者：王金利 贺伟[2] 秦国夫 陶万强 赵俊[4] 田淑敏[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京市林业保护站,北京100029 [2]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]辽宁省鞍山市政府,辽宁鞍山114002 [4]国家林业局森林病虫害防治总站,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2007年第1期21-28,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:39970617)

摘　　要：本实验在我国的多种树木上采集了56个溃疡病标本，采用形态学方法和分子生物学方法（ISSR技术）研究病原菌。通过徒手切片和石腊切片观察，供试病原菌有性型为Botryosphaeria dothidea；无性型特征与国外所报道的七叶树壳梭孢（Fusicoccum aesculi）一致。根据ISSR技术得到的系统树显示，供试菌株与国外提供的F.aesculi（有性阶段为B．dothidea）菌株以100％相似性聚为一类。因此，实验采集的树木溃疡病菌是B.dothidea，其无性型不是Dothiorella gregaria，而是F.aesculi，故应使用F.aesculi作为B．dothidea的无性型名称。此外，通过国内的B.dothidea和国外已发表的B．ribis的特征对照，发现二者确实不同：B．ribis的分生孢子宽度大于8．0μm，LID值的平均值小于2．6；而本实验测量的B．dothidea的分生孢子宽度在6．2～7．6μm之间，LID值的平均值在2．9～3．6之间；ISSR所得系统树也显示二者属于不同的种。所以B．dothidea和且ribis是两个不同的种，而不是同物异名。The authors collected canker specimens on many trees in China and isolated the pathogen and inoculated Populus × beijingensis in order to confirm pathogenicity. The morphologic method and ISSR technique were applied to analyze the phylogeny, and the result was compared to foreign＇s. According to the morphologic character of conidiophore, The species collected was Botryosphaeria dothidea, whose morphological character of anamorph accorded with Fusicoccum aesculi reported by foreign countries. According to the dendrogram generated by UPGMA cluster analysis of the ISSR fingerprints from the cuthors＇ isolates and F. aesculi come from foreign countries, both were classified to one cluster by similarity 100%. So the authors concluded that the pathogen of canker collected was B. dothidea, which anamorph was not Dothiorella gregaria, but F. aesculi, and F. aesculi could be used as anamorph of B. dothidea. Moreover, B. ribis was not obtained in the experiment, but it was different from B. dothidea in China, according to the character of B. ribis was republished abroad. The conidial width of B. ribis was over 8.0μm,but the conidial width of B. dothidea was 6. 2 - 7. 6 μm. The ratio of conidial length and width of B. dothidea was over 2.9, but B. ribis was below 2.6. It could be concluded that B. ribis and B. dothidea were different species from the dendrogram generated by UPGMA cluster analysis of the ISSR fingerprints. So,B. ribis and B. dothidea were different species, not synonym.

关 键 词：葡萄座腔菌 小穴壳属 壳梭孢属 无性型 同物异名 

分 类 号：S718.81[农业科学—林学]