榕小蜂传粉行为对其繁殖的影响  

The Impacts of Pollinating Behaviour of Fig Wasp on Its Reproduction

作　　者：谢晓波[1] 陶玫[2] 彭艳琼[1] 徐法健[1] 杨大荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南昆明650223 [2]云南农业大学植保学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2007年第1期74-78,共5页Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30670358;30571507);中国科学院植物园与生物分类学研究项目(KSCX2-YW-Z-003)

摘　　要：在西双版纳热带雨林中,对叶榕的传粉榕小蜂不同运载花粉的过程对寄主榕果和自身后代的繁殖都有影响。传粉榕小蜂主动为对叶榕传粉,在雌株上的榕果内,榕小蜂传粉使雌花受精发育成种子,榕小蜂不能在雌果中繁衍后代;在雄株上的榕果里,只有雄花和榕小蜂寄生的雌花,而不能产生种子。从雄花期榕果内出来的传粉榕小蜂雌蜂,飞到其它雄树上寻找雌花期的榕果产卵繁殖后代,经过飞翔的一只雌蜂在一个榕果内制造瘿花353.93±91.72朵,最终发育到成虫期的榕小蜂数量为每果283.28±101.42只,平均瘿花率和成蜂率分别是0.26和0.81。通过控制实验阻断繁殖雌蜂的飞行过程,一只雌蜂在一个榕果内可制造瘿花446.74±60.06朵,完成发育的榕小蜂数量是386.15±87.46只,平均瘿花率和成蜂率分别是0.31和0.88。显然,飞行运载花粉的代价直接减少了传粉榕小蜂繁育后代的数量。Research was carried out on the reproductive impacts of different carry pollen process of fig-pollinating wasp of Ficus hispida in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna. The results showed that the pollinator was active pollination, and the female figs just produced seeds rather than wasps, while the male figs produced wasps, and there was a seed inside male fig. The pollinator＇ s foundresses left male-floral fig and looked for new receptive fig for reproduction. A foundress averagely made 353.93±91.72 galls, and only 283.28±101.42 wasps were able to complete life cycles. The ratio of galls and wasps was 0.26 and 0.81 respectively. In controlled experiment, a no flying foundress was introduced inside single fig, which it made 446.74±60.06 galls and finally 386.15±87.46 completed life cycles. The ratio of galls and wasps was 0.31 and 0.88 respectively. In contrast, no flying foundress always reproduced more offspring than that of flying foundress. This implies that carrying pollen and fly would increase reproductive costs of fig-pollinating wasp.

关 键 词：对叶榕 传粉榕小蜂 传粉行为 繁殖 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学]