不同负荷游泳对大鼠肾脏滤过屏障形态结构和功能影响的研究  

Effects of Swimming with Different Loads on Modality,Structure and Function of Kidney Filtration Barrier of Rats

作　　者：扈诗兴[1] 胡亚哲[2] 王和平[2] 扈盛[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆文理学院体育系,重庆402168 [2]华中师范大学体育学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]武汉体育学院运动人体科学与心理学系,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《体育科学》2007年第2期42-45,共4页China Sport Science

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同负荷游泳对大鼠肾脏形态结构和功能的影响。方法:SD大鼠40只,随机分为对照组(10只)、有氧训练组(10只)、过度训练组(20只)。用自由游泳和负重游泳法造模12周后处死,取血液进行生化指标检测;同时取肾皮质进行光镜和电镜观察。结果:长期有氧训练后,滤过屏障出现面积增大,足突肿大变短等改变;而长期过度训练后出现滤过屏障面积减少,有孔内皮损害,足突融合等性改变。结论:1)有氧训练使滤过屏障发生适应性改变;过度训练使滤过屏障发生病理性损害。2)过度训练可能是运动导致肾功能衰竭的原因之一。3)血液生化指标无显著差异,可能与滤过屏障不同的形态结构改变有关。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of swimming with different loads on modality, structure and function of rats＇ kidney filtration barrier. Forty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups： control group （n=10）,aerobic exercise group （n= 10） and overloaded exercise group （n= 20）. After swimming freely and swimming with different loads for 12 weeks, these rats were killed. Subsequently, the biochemical indexes of their blood were examined, and the renal cortexes were extracted for observation through optical microscope and electron microscope. The result showed that after a certain long period of aerobic exercise, some changes of the filtration barrier occurred such as increase of area and tumescence and shortening of podocyte. In contrast, after a certain long period of overloaded exercise, the filtration barrier made pathologic changes such as decrease of area, damage of fenestrated endothelial cell as well as podocyte fusion. It concludes that aerobic exercise can induce adaptive changes of the filtration barrier. In contrast, overloaded exercise can lead pathologic changes. Overloaded exercise should be one of the reasons which lead chronic renal failure in sport. The insignificant changes of blood biochemical indexes may be related to the different changes in modality and structure of filtration barrier.

关 键 词：游泳 肾脏 滤过屏障 结构 功能 鼠 动物实验 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]