51份龙眼种质的胚性愈伤组织诱导及其离体保存  

Induction and in-vitro conservation of embryogensis calli from immature embryos of 51 accessions of germplasm in Dimocarpus longan Lour.

作　　者：叶炜[1] 赖钟雄[1] 陈义挺[1] 林秀莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺植物生物工程研究所福建农林大学亚热带果树研究所,福建福州350002

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第1期28-33,共6页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30471204);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(C0410012);福建省重大科技专项资助项目(2004NZ2-02)

摘　　要：对福建龙眼的主要栽培品种、地方品种及特异株系共51份种质的幼胚进行培养,诱导胚性愈伤组织作为种质资源离体保存的材料,并进行限制生长保存试验.结果表明:MS+2 mg.L-12,4-D培养基适用于绝大部分品种的不同直径的龙眼幼胚胚性愈伤组织的诱导,平均诱导率为48.3%;直径2-4 mm的幼胚最适宜于胚性愈伤组织诱导.在添加1 mg.L-1活性炭的培养基上进行为期7-10 d的过渡培养,能减少直径<2 mm和直径>6 mm的幼胚因褐变导致的死亡,从而提高愈伤组织诱导率.龙眼胚性愈伤组织在常规继代培养中的周期为20 d左右,且品种间的差异较大.在MS+1 mg.L-12,4-D培养基中附加20 g.L-1甘露醇,于16℃低温下进行限制生长保存,可以使龙眼继代培养周期由原来的20 d延长至60 d.The immature embryos of 51 accessions of germplasms of main cultivars, local cultivars and specific lines of longan （ Dimocarpus longan Lour. ） in Fujian were cultured to induce embryogenic calli （EC） as the materials of in-vitro conservation of germplasm resource, and the conservation test by minimal growth was conducted. The results showed that the MS medium containing 2 mg · L^-1 2,4-D was suitable for all kinds of immature embryos from different cultivars, with the average inducing rate of 48.3%. The immature embryos with the diameters of 2 - 4 mm were the best for inducing EC. The other immature embryos with the diameters shorter than 2 mm and longer than 6 mm were prone to turn browning, and their inducing rates could be promoted via short-term culture on the medium supplemented with 1 mg · L^-1 active carbon for about 7 - 10 days. The subculture cycle of longan embryogenic calli was about 20 days under the common condition and significantly different among cultivars, and the subeulture cycle of longan EC prolonged from 20 days to 60 days on the MS medium with 1.0 mg · L^-1 2,4-D added with 20 g·L^-1 mannitol at 16 ℃.

关 键 词：龙眼 种质 胚性愈伤组织 限制生长保存 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]