华北低山丘陵区冬小麦田土壤呼吸变化规律及其影响机制  

Changes and Mechanism of Soil Respiration on Winter Wheat Field in Low Mountain and Hill Regions of North China

作　　者：王鹤松[1] 张劲松[1] 孟平[1] 高峻[1] 任庆福[1] 贾长荣 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]济源市国有大沟河林场

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2007年第1期21-24,共4页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：科技部社会公益性项目(2003DIB4J142);黄河小浪底森林生态系统定位研究站基金

摘　　要：利用2005年11月-2006年6月由Li-8100土壤呼吸自动观测系统及AR5土壤温度湿度自动观测系统观测数据，分析了华北低山丘陵区冬小麦田土壤呼吸变化规律及其影响机制。结果表明：（1）冬小麦返青前后的土壤呼吸速率（SRR）在晴或多云天气条件下都要高于阴天，SRR的日变化都表现为单峰变化趋势。（2）冬小麦生育期SRR的日际变化特征为：返青前SRR保持在较低水平，平均为0．63μmol·m^-2·s^-1；返青后SRR迅速增加，至抽穗期达到最大，此后保持稳定，平均为2．18μmol·m^-2·s^-2；收割后SRR降低。整个生育期SRR的平均值为1．28μmol·m^-2·s^-1。（3）冬小麦田浅层土壤温度（包括地表温度、地下5cm、10cm、15cm、20cm土壤温度，P〈0．01）与SRR间都存在显著的指数关系，其中20cm土壤温度与SRR相关性最好，Q10值（5—20℃间气温每增加10℃呼吸增加的倍数）从表层至地下20cm依次为：2．09、2．29、2．39、2．51、2．63；土壤含水量过低对土壤呼吸有抑制，当土壤含水率在20％～30％时，SRR主要受土壤温度影响．与土壤含水量的关系不显著。Changes and mechanism of soil respiration on winter wheat field in low mountain and hill regions of North China were analyzed. The automatic observation systems Li-8100 and AR5 were used for the measurement of the soil respiration, and soil temperature and moisture respectively. The main results were as follows： （1）The soll respiration rate（SRR） on clear or cloudy day was markedly higher than that on overcast day before and after reviving. The diurnal variations of SRR were both demonstrated single-peak curve in clear or cloudy day and overcast day. （2） The SRR maintained at a relatively low level before reviving. While it increased rapidly after reviving,reached a peak during grain filling and decreased after harvest. The average SRR was 1.28μmol·m^-2·s^-1 for the whole growing period, 0.63μmol·m^-2·s^-1 before reviving, and 2. 18μmol·m^-2·s^-1 after reviving. （3） Significant relationship were found between SRR and soil temperatures at different depths （the surface, 5cm depth, 10cm depth, 15cm depth and 20cm dept, p 〈 0.01 ） , which could be best described by exponential equations, and the best was at 20cm. The Q10 of winter wheat from soil surface to 20cm depth were 2.09, 2.29, 2.39, 2.51and 2.63. Excessively low soll water content would restrain SRR. SRR was mainly affected by soil temperature, not significantly related to soil water content when it was at 20%-30%.

关 键 词：低山丘陵区 冬小麦田 土壤呼吸速率 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]