膜下高频滴灌对土壤温湿环境及棉花产量的影响  

Influences of High-frequency Drip Irrigation Mulched with Plastic Film on Soil Temperature and Moisture and Yields of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

作　　者：胡晓棠[1] 白慧东[1] 张旺锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2007年第1期36-39,44,共5页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家"十五"攻关计划西部专项(2002BA901A3);新疆生产建设兵团博士基金项目

摘　　要：以田间试验为基础,对高频覆膜滴灌条件下土壤水分、温度以及棉花的耗水过程和生长状况进行了观测。结果表明,高频滴灌条件下,灌水次数及灌水量分别比对照多20次和596.2mm,土壤含水率水平较高,棉花根系吸水阻力小,耗水强度大,可达7.4mm/d。各生育阶段高频滴灌的土壤温度比对照低,而且根系分布浅。另外,高频滴灌棉花地上营养器官生长旺盛,叶面积指数很大,可达到6.6。然而,高频滴灌棉花产量比对照低111.34kg/hm2,水分利用效率低。试验认为高频滴灌的生产意义不显著。The field experiments were conducted to determine the influences of high-frequency drip irrigation mulched with plastic film on soll temperature and moisture and yields of cotton （ Gossypium hirsutum L. ）. The results indicated that the hlgh-frequeney treatment irrigated 20 times more than the control treatments, and with more than 596.2mm irrigation water. The hlgh-frequeney treatment resulted in a higher soil moisture, lower water uptake resistance for cotton roots and a greater water consumption intensity up to 7.4 mm per day. The soil temperature under the highfrequency drip irrigation during the growing stages was lower, and cotton roots distributed mainly in the upper soil. The high-frequency irrigation also led to the over vegetative growth, LAI being higher up to 6.6. However, the yield of cotton with the hlgh-frequeney drip irrigation was 111.45 kg/ha lower than that of the CK. Therefore, it was concluded that the high-frequency drip irrigation mulched with plastic film was of no significance in term of water saving in the practice.

关 键 词：滴灌 农田小气候 土壤湿度 土壤温度 棉花 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]