小麦穗发芽抗性与选择效应研究  

Wheat Pre-harvest Sprouting Resistance and Screening Efficiency

作　　者：黄涛[1] 李和平[1] 张兆顺[2] 高春保[3] 朱旭彤[2] 廖玉才[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学生命科学技术学院,武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070 [3]湖北省农业科学院作物研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2007年第1期11-14,共4页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：华中农业大学创新基金资助

摘　　要：2005年在小麦收获期,对124份材料进行了种子发芽和穗发芽抗性比较,筛选出抗性差异显著的材料196份;2006年在小麦生理成熟期,抗穗发芽鉴定了179个品种及上一年筛选的全部材料。结果表明,品种间穗发芽抗性差异十分显著。不同材料的种子发芽率和穗发芽率在收获期的分布范围分别为20%-100%和18%-100%;在生理成熟期的分布范围均为0%-100%,其中两者均在10%以下的抗性品种占4%。红粒品种整体上的抗性高于白粒品种,但也存在白粒抗性品种。同一品种个体间的抗性差异较大,表明通过筛选可以获得抗穗发芽资源。种子休眠是抗穗发芽的重要因素,品种穗部特征对穗发芽亦有影响。Pre-harvest sprouting （PHS） resistance of 124 wheat cultivars were compared by seed and intact spike germination assays, and resistant and susceptible cultivars were selected at harvest time in 2005. In 2006, resistance to preharvest sprouting of the 196 selected cultivars in 2005 and 179 other wheat cultivars was investigated at physiological maturity. The results showted that PHS was significantly different among wheat cultivars. Seed and spike germination percentages varied at ranges of 20 %- 100 % and 18 % - 100 % at harvest stage, and from 0 % to 100 % at physiological maturity. 4 % cultivars showed less than 10% of both seed and spike germinations at physiological maturity, displaying a satisfactory resistance to PHS. There was a significant difference among individuals of some cultivars, from which desirable PHS resistant plants could be obtained by careful selection. Seed dormancy is the main component of PHS, while spike characteristics can also affect PHS in some cultivars.

关 键 词：小麦 种子发芽 穗发芽 选择效应 

分 类 号：S512.103.4[农业科学—作物学]